ap stats chapter 5

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16 Terms

1
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intersection, and

2
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union, or

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|

A given B

4
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sample space

the list of all possible outcomes for some random process

5
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event

any collection of outcomes from some random process

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probability of equally likely outcomes

P(A) = (number of outcomes in event A) ÷ (total number of outcomes in sample space)

7
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complement

P(A^c) = 1 - P(A)

the likelihood an event does not occur

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mutually exclusive/disjoint

P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)

when two events have no outcomes in common and so can never occur together

9
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valid probability model

all probabilities are between 0 and 1 and add up to 1

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general addition rule for two events

P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B)

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venn diagram

one or more circles surrounded by a rectangle. each circle represents an event. the region inside the rectangle represents the sample space of the random process.

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intersection of events

the outcomes that two events have in common

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union of events

all the outcomes of either event

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conditional probability

P(A | B) = P(A and B)/P(B)

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general multiplication rule

P(A and B) = P(A) * P(B | A) = P(B) * P(A | B)

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independent events

P(A and B) = P(A) P(B)

P(A | B) = P(A)