Healthy and Respectful Relationships – Vocabulary Flashcards

These vocabulary flashcards review key terms, legal concepts, relationship types, characteristics, and consent principles from the lecture on Healthy and Respectful Relationships.

Relationship

A connection between two or more people based on love, friendship, support, work, or shared interests that can change over time.

Family relationship

Connections with parents, guardians, or siblings that provide early love, support, and protection, shaping values and behaviour.

Friendship

Peer relationship offering companionship, fun, and emotional support built on honesty and mutual respect.

Intimate relationship

Romantic or sexual relationship involving emotional or physical closeness that relies on communication, trust, respect, and boundaries.

Online relationship

Social connection maintained via digital platforms that must remain respectful, honest, and safe.

Mentor relationship

Guidance-based connection with teachers, coaches, or role models who support learning and personal growth.

Professional relationship

Work-related connection with colleagues or supervisors that supports productivity, cooperation, and safety.

Authoritarian parenting

Strict, rule-heavy parenting style with low warmth, often harming emotional health and self-esteem.

Authoritative parenting

Balanced, nurturing, rule-based parenting style shown to best support wellbeing and development.

Permissive parenting

Lenient parenting style with few rules or expectations, possibly limiting children’s self-discipline.

Uninvolved parenting

Distant, neglectful parenting style offering little warmth or guidance, harming emotional development.

Healthy relationship

Relationship featuring effective communication, respect, trust, honesty, loyalty, empathy, equality, and safety.

Effective communication

Clear exchange of information using verbal and non-verbal cues plus active listening to prevent misunderstanding.

Respect

Valuing another person’s feelings, opinions, and boundaries and treating them with dignity.

Trust

Feeling emotionally and physically safe with another person because of consistent honest behaviour.

Honesty

Telling the truth, keeping promises, and not hiding important information, thereby building trust.

Loyalty

Steadfast support for someone, including confidentiality and reliability during difficult times.

Empathy

Ability to understand and share another person’s feelings, leading to kind and supportive responses.

Equality (in relationships)

Both people have an equal say, feel valued, and neither dominates or controls the other.

Safety (in relationships)

Condition where people feel free from physical harm, threats, or emotional ridicule.

Unhealthy relationship

Relationship marked by control, disrespect, jealousy, dishonesty, or fear that harms wellbeing.

Abuse

Any behaviour that intentionally harms or intimidates another person—physical, emotional, sexual, or financial.

Physical abuse

Hitting, punching, or using threats of violence to control or injure someone.

Emotional abuse

Insults, manipulation, intimidation, or isolation aimed at damaging a person’s self-worth.

Sexual abuse

Unwanted sexual touching or coercion that occurs without consent.

Financial abuse

Controlling another person’s money or access to economic resources to exert power.

Consent

Free, voluntary, and informed agreement between people that can be withdrawn at any time.

Withdrawal of consent

Taking back permission verbally, through actions, or due to incapacity; activity must stop immediately.

Circumstances with no consent

Includes force, fear, detention, incapacity, misunderstanding of act, mistaken identity, or silence.

Age of consent

Legal age for sexual agreement: under 12 cannot consent; 12–15 cannot with someone 24+ months older; 16–17 cannot with a person in authority.

Sexual assault

Touching someone in a sexual way without their consent; punishable by up to 10 years in prison.

Rape

Sexual penetration of another person without consent; carries penalties up to 25 years in prison.

Rape by compelling sexual penetration

Forcing someone to sexually penetrate the offender, themselves, or a third person without consent.

Sexual assault by compelling sexual touching

Forcing someone to touch the offender, themselves, or another person in a sexual way without consent.

Acting in concert

Encouraging or assisting another person to commit rape or sexual assault, carrying equal criminal liability.

Sex Offenders Register

Legal record where convicted sexual offenders—including some under 18—may be listed for up to 7.5 years.

Cyberbullying

Use of digital technologies to harass, threaten, or humiliate someone, posing risks in online relationships.

Dimensions of health and wellbeing

Physical, social, emotional, mental, and spiritual components influenced by relationship quality.

Development

Physical, social, emotional, and intellectual changes across the lifespan influenced by relationships.

Physical development

Growth of body size, motor skills, and fitness, often encouraged by supportive relationships.

Social development

Improvement of communication skills, cooperation, and values gained through interactions.

Emotional development

Ability to recognise, express, and manage emotions, strengthened by safe, supportive relationships.

Intellectual development

Advancement of learning, problem-solving, and creativity fostered by encouraging relationships.

Resilience

Capacity to cope with stress and bounce back from adversity, often enhanced by a close supportive friend.

Case: Yankovski (2007)

Rape conviction for sex with an unconscious woman; shows incapacity removes consent and consent can be withdrawn.

Case: Gallienne (1964)

Rape conviction where mistaken identity invalidated consent when the victim thought the offender was her husband.