FR: Tema 2 Secularizacion y civilizaciones

Theory of modernization

-coincides with secularization

-cambio de valores: Racionalismo, individualismo, progreso tecnológico, Democracia, desarrollo económico

-Teoría eurocéntrica

Securalizacion

-separation of church and state

-(however, in my class, we defined it as the relationship a government has with both its religious and non religious citizens)

-Their separation is linked to modernity

• The public sphere is the space where religion and the State overlap and negotiate their influence on social life

Sacralizacion

implies religion should be relegated to private sphere

-think: French laicite

Effects of 1648 Peace of Westphalia

-begginings of birth of modernization and sovereignty

-Religion is handled as a matter of internal policy for each state.

-beginning of religious pluralism in Western Europe

Critiques of secularism:

-postcolonialism

-deprivitization of religion —> theory isn’t just being relegated into the private sphere, but is actively being integrated into social, economic, political etc life

Huntington’s causes of conflict between civilizations

1.Differences in moral/beliefs

2. Increased interactions between civilizations generate friction

3. Modernization erodes the nation-state: replaced by religion. Desecularization.

4. Elites in non-Western countries are becoming less Westernized.

5. Cultural characteristics cannot be easily modified or negotiated.

• Religion: a particularly difficult factor to hybridize, divide, or negotiate.

religion as a driving force behind conflict

One huntington reflection about the West and his recommendation:

Western ideas of liberalism, constitutionalism, human rights, equality, freedom, democracy, free markets, etc., have little resonance in other cultures (p. 40).

Recomendacion: Desarrollar una mejor comprensión de los otros e identificar elementos comunes