Diarrhea

If secretion and intake outweighs absorption what will we see?

Diarrhea

If absorption outweighs secretion and intake what will we see?

Constipation

What is diarrhea characterized by?

Increased fluidity, frequency or volume of feces

What characteristics will diarrhea have?

Decreased consistency/ liquified

Higher h20, electrolytes, or fat content

Increased BM

What is osmotic diarrhea?

Poor absorption leading to a high osmolarity in the lumen resulting in retained water

What are some hyperosmotic cathartics?

Sugar alcohols

Mg or Na

Polyethylene glycol

Hydrophilic colloids

What is salt toxicity?

Caused by water deprivation, or excess salt intake.

Causes dehydration via water loss

What can cause maldigestion/ malabsorption?

Inflammatory dz that limits absorption due to loss of enzymes on the membrane.

What is the digestion process needed for?

Break down polymers to monomers because only simple molecules can be absorbed

Maldigestion refers to>?

Not digested enough and will lead to Malabsorption

Malabsorption is due to to?

Intestinal epithelial damage

What is EPI (endocrine pancreatic insufficiency)

Insufficient production of digestive enzymes by the pancreas acinar cells leading to incomplete digestion of starches, proteins and fats

What is a lactose intolerance?

Lactose needs to be hydrolyzed by lactase and if absent it will be retained and drag water with it causing diarrhea

What is lymphangiectasia?

When the lacteal structure is dilated and dysfunctional or obstructed causing improper absorption of fats and leaking of proteins resulting in diarrhea

Lymphangiectasia is a ____ dz?

Congenital dz

What things can Lymphangiectasia cause?

Diarrhea

Steatorrhea

Lymphopenia

Hypoproteinemia

Hypochlorestorolemia

What can occur due to the hypoprotienemia that Lymphopenia causes?

Ascites and hydrothorax

When does secretary Diarrhea occur?

Excessive/ uncontrolled secretion surpasses absorptive capacity of the intestines

What mediates secretory diarrhea and what major bacteria can have an effect on this?

Cl- secretion

Affected by cholerae bacteria

Nutrition absorption will be _____ w/ secretory diarrhea?

Normal

Secretory diarrhea is unaffected by what?

Fasting

How do oral rehydration solutions work?

Will increase Na/Glucose transporter resulting in water being absorbed

What does hypergastrinemia cause?

Due to high levels of gastrin in the system parietal cells increase HCl secretion and will lead to ulcers and diarrhea

What can be causes of hypergastrinemia?

Intestinal resections

Cessation after longer antacid usages

Zollinger Ellison syndrom (gastrinoma)