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Diffusion
Passive movement of a solute down its concentration gradient, from an area of higher solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration.
Homeostasis
Maintenance of a constant internal environment via negative feedback loops.
Osmosis
Movement of water down its concentration gradient, from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration.
Solubility
The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
Concentration
In a solution, the amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent.
Tonicity
Refers to relative concentrations of two solutions, affecting the osmotic pressure and volume of a cell.
ICF
Inside the cell
ISF
Outside the cell
Isotonic
Solute concentration is the same inside and outside the cell; no osmotic pressure; no change in cell volume.
Hypertonic
Solute concentration is higher outside the cell, resulting in water movement out of the cell and cell shrinkage.
Hypotonic
Solute concentration is lower outside the cell, resulting in water movement into the cell and cell swelling or bursting.
Molecular weight (MW)
Number of grams in one mole of a substance, where 1 mole = 6.02 x 10^23 particles. Example: MW of water is 18 g.
