chapter 13 pathology - blood diseases

Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin

Purpura

General increase in red blood cells (erythremia)

Polycythemia Vera

Excess iron deposits throughout the body

Hemochromatosis

Hereditary condition characterized by abnormal crescent shape of erythrocytes and by hemolysis

Sickle cell anemia

Inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usually seen in persons of Mediterranean background

Thalassemia

Infectious disease marked by increased numbers of leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes

Mononucleosis

Reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction

Hemolytic anemia

Failure of blood cell production due to absence of formation of bone marrow cells

Aplastic anemia

Excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of factor VIII or factor IX necessary for blood clotting

Hemophilia

Lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body

Pernicious anemia

Abnormal numbers of relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen (Cll)

chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Immature granulocytes predominate in the bone marrow (AML)

Acute myelogenous leukemia (myelocytic)

Both mature and Immature granulocytes are present in the bone marrow and blood stream (CML)

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (myelocytic)

Immature lymphocytes predominate in the bone marrow and lymph nodes

Acute lymphocytic leukemia

Tiny purple or red flat spots on the skin as a result of hemorrhages

Petechiae

Causative agent in mononucleosis

Epstein- Barr Virus

Large blue or purplish patches in the skin (bruises)

Ecchymoses

Sideropenia is the cause of this condition

Iron deficiency anemia

Any disease of the blood or bone marrow

Dyscrasia

Disappearance of signs and symptoms of disease

Remission

Relieving, but not curing disease

Palliative

Disease symptoms and signs reappear

Relapse

Malignant neoplasm of bone marrow

Multiple myeloma

Increase in numbers of granulocytes associated with allergic conditions

Eosinophilia