Western Heritage - Exam #2: Theology Review

total depravity

we are completely sinful and hopeless, cannot choose good

partial depravity

we are sinful, but there is still good in us, can choose good

irresistible grace

grace given by God which we can do nothing to refuse

free will in Augustine

and “intermediate” good; capacity to choose; still have free will, but cannot choose good

pelagianism

good and evil were based on the very nature of eternal principles (reaction against morals of Manichaeism)

evil in Augustine

negation of good and corruption of nature

philosophy and theology in Aquinas

philosophy is truths that can be grasped by reason and theology is truths that are beyond reason

sanctifying grace

the grace that gives us salvation that is only provided by God (d of g)

gratuitous grace

grace that allows people to connect one another with God (d of g)

prevenient grace

relationship with God, causes first affect in us (d of g)

subsequent grace

deeper relationship with God, comes after prevenient grace (d of g)

operative grace

grace given by God to move, act, change, and God is “sole mover” (d of g)

cooperative grace

human being’s participation in the grace God gives us (d of g)

argument of motion

there must be a first mover of things that is not being moved which is God

argument of efficient cause

all things have a cause, but there must be a first cause, which is God

argument of necessity

all things are contingent; if they exist it is because they received existence from another being who is necessity in itself; that is God

argument of graduation of perfection

some beings are better than others based on their proximity to higher perfection; therefore there must be a being that is perfect, which is God

argument of design

each thing moves towards destined end; could not do this out of themselves or by chance; this is God