Macromolecules

The Macromolecules of the Human Body are?

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Lipids

• Nuclei Acids

Glucose is created by the formation of ?

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

• Oxygen Atoms

What are the two Simple Carbohydrates?

• Monosaccharides

  • Glucose

  • Fructose

  • Broken down into ATP

• Dissasachdries

  • Sucrose

  • Maltose

  • Luctrose

What are Polysaccharides?

• Created When Numerous Monosaccharides combine.

What is the most common Polysaccharide?

• Glycogen

  • Mainly found in the Liver & Muscles

Are Lipids Polar or Non Polar?

• Non Polar

Why are Lipids Non Polar?

• Don’t react to water.

Describe Fatty Acids?

• Simplest form of a Lipid.

• Formed from Long Chains of Carbon and Hydrogen Atoms

Describe Fatty Acids as an Energy Source?

• Fatty Acids can be used for energy however are’t the most effective.

Lipid Categories Diagram

How many rings does a Steroid have?

• 4

Cholesterol is the Precursor for all?

• For all Steroid Hormones produced in the body.

Phospholipids are one of the most important type of lipid as they?

• Create the wall of the Cell.

Why is a Cellular Wall important?

• Internal and External Regulation

What does Hydrophillic mean?

• Attracted to water.

What does Hydrophobic mean?

• Rejects Water.

Phospholipid Structure Diagram

Micelle Diagram

What does Amino Acid sequence =

• The Structure of a Protein

List the names of the 4 Protein Structures?

• Primary

• Secondary

• Tertiary

• Quartenerary

Protein Structure Diagram

What are Enzymes?

• A Type of Protein

• Speeds up (Catalyse) Chemical Reactions.

What is a Substrate?

• A substrate is a molecule that an enzyme can manipulate to create different products.

The active site is the area where the substrates interact with the ?

• The active site is the area where the substrates interact with the
  enzymes

Nucleotides Make ?

• Nucleic Acid

Nucleic acids can take the form of?

• DNA

• RNA

What 4 Different Nucleotides make DNA?

• Adenine

• Thymine

• Guanine

• Cytosine

The 4 different nucleotides pair up in very specific relationships name them ? (ATCG)

• Adenine and Thymine always bind together.

• Guanine and Cytosine always bind together

RNA is the method by which the DNA code is?

• Transcribed into Physical Changes