High Frequency Vocabulary Words for 6th Grade

Study these words for your bonus point test, as well as to do better on your LEAP test!

accomplish

To successfully complete or achieve a goal or task, often through skill, effort, or perseverance.

Example: She worked hard to accomplish her goal of graduating with honors.

Etymology: From Middle English 'accomplisshen', based on Latin 'ad' (to) + 'completi' (to fill up).

Synonyms: achieve, fulfill. Antonyms: fail, abandon.

combination

A union of two or more components or elements that creates a whole; the result of joining different parts together.

Example: The combination of flavors in the dish was unexpected.

Etymology: From Latin 'combinare', meaning 'to unite, join together'.

Synonyms: amalgamation, fusion.

Antonyms: separation, division.

crucial

Referring to something that is of extreme importance or critical significance, particularly in deciding an outcome.

Example: The crucial moment came when he decided to speak up.

Etymology: From Latin 'crucialis', meaning 'cross-like' or 'decisive'.

Synonyms: essential, pivotal.

Antonyms: trivial, insignificant.

duplicate

To create an exact copy or reproduction of something, often to preserve or replicate its original form.

Example: She made a duplicate of the document for her records.

Etymology: From Latin 'duplicare', meaning 'to double'.

Synonyms: replicate, reproduce.

Antonyms: original, unique.

emerge

To come into view, existence, or notice after being concealed or hidden; to become known or prominent.

Example: New facts began to emerge as the investigation continued.

Etymology: From Latin 'emergere', meaning 'to rise up'.

Synonyms: appear, surface.

Antonyms: disappear, vanish.

independent

Not relying on or influenced by others; capable of thinking or acting for oneself.

Example: After years of working under supervision, she became an independent artist.

Etymology: From Latin 'independens', meaning 'not hanging down'.

Synonyms: autonomous, self-sufficient.

Antonyms: dependent, reliant.

overcome

To successfully deal with a challenge, obstacle, or difficulty; to prevail over something.

Example: She managed to overcome her fears and speak in public.

Etymology: From Old English 'ofercuman', meaning 'to come over'.

Synonyms: conquer, triumph.

Antonyms: succumb, surrender.

peculiar

Strange, unusual, or odd; different from what is normal or expected.

Example: His peculiar habits often puzzled his friends.

Etymology: From Latin 'peculiaris', meaning 'of one's own'.

Synonyms: bizarre, odd.

Antonyms: normal, ordinary.

perplex

To confuse or bewilder someone, making it difficult for them to understand something.

Example: The math problems can perplex even the brightest students.

Etymology: From Latin 'perplexus', meaning 'entangled'.

Synonyms: baffle, confuse.

Antonyms: clarify, elucidate.

sparse

Thinly dispersed or scattered; not dense or plentiful in quantity.

Example: The sparse vegetation on the mountain made it hard for wildlife to thrive.

Etymology: From Latin 'sparsus', meaning 'scattered'.

Synonyms: scant, thin.

Antonyms: abundant, dense.

assure

To inform someone positively to dispel any doubts; to guarantee or promise something with confidence.

Example: I assure you that everything will be alright.

Etymology: From Latin 'assurare', meaning 'to make secure'.

Synonyms: guarantee, ensure.

Antonyms: doubt, unsettle.

comprehend

To understand something fully, especially the meaning or importance of it.

Example: It took him a while to comprehend the significance of her words.

Etymology: From Latin 'comprehendere', meaning 'to grasp together'.

Synonyms: grasp, understand.

Antonyms: misunderstand, ignore.

establish

To set up on a firm or permanent basis; to create or bring into existence something definite or stable.

Example: They aim to establish a new community center in the neighborhood.

Etymology: From Latin 'stabilire', meaning 'to make firm'.

Synonyms: found, set up.

Antonyms: abolish, dismantle.

exaggerate

To overstate or make something seem larger, more important, or more serious than it actually is.

Example: He tends to exaggerate his achievements when telling stories.

Etymology: From Latin 'exaggerare', meaning 'to heap up'.

Synonyms: amplify, overstate.

Antonyms: minimize, downplay.

ignorant

Lacking knowledge or awareness in general or about a specific topic; uninformed.

Example: His ignorant comments showed he hadn't researched the issue.

Etymology: From Latin 'ignorare', meaning 'to not know'.

Synonyms: uninformed, unaware.

Antonyms: knowledgeable, informed.

immense

Extremely large or great in size, amount, or degree; vast.

Example: The immense mountain range stretched as far as the eye could see.

Etymology: From Latin 'immensus', meaning 'unmeasured'.

Synonyms: gigantic, colossal.

Antonyms: small, trivial.

ordeal

A painful or horrific experience that tests one's endurance or character; a severe trial.

Example: Surviving the earthquake was a true ordeal for everyone involved.

Etymology: From Old French 'ordeal', meaning 'trial by fire'.

Synonyms: hardship, trial.

Antonyms: comfort, ease.

strategy

A planned series of actions aimed at achieving a specific goal; the art of planning and directing.

Example: The team's strategy focused on collaboration and creativity.

Etymology: From Greek 'strategia', meaning 'generalship'.

Synonyms: plan, tactic.

Antonyms: randomness, disorganization.

summon

To call upon someone to appear or do something; to urge someone to come forward.

Example: The king decided to summon his advisors.

Etymology: From Latin 'summonere', meaning 'to call'.

Synonyms: call, convene.

Antonyms: dismiss, scatter.

taunt

To provoke or challenge someone with insulting remarks; to tease harshly.

Example: The rivals taunted each other during the match.

Etymology: From Middle French 'tentier', meaning 'to test'.

Synonyms: mock, jeer.

Antonyms: cheer, encourage.

beckon

To make a gesture to encourage someone to come closer or to attract attention.

Example: She beckoned him over to join the group.

Etymology: From Old English 'beacnian', meaning 'to gesture'.

Synonyms: signal, summon.

Antonyms: repel, discourage.

bestow

To present as a gift or honor; to confer something valuable or respected.

Example: They decided to bestow an award upon the winner.

Etymology: From Old English 'bestowen', meaning 'to place or put'.

Synonyms: grant, present.

Antonyms: withhold, take away.

challenge

A difficult task or situation that tests someone's abilities, often requiring effort and determination.

Example: Climbing the mountain was a significant challenge.

Etymology: From Latin 'calumniari', meaning 'to accuse falsely or challenge'.

Synonyms: obstacle, difficulty.

Antonyms: ease, simplicity.

decrease

To make or become smaller or fewer in size, amount, or intensity.

Example: The company aims to decrease its carbon footprint.

Etymology: From Latin 'decrecere', meaning 'to grow less'.

Synonyms: diminish, reduce.

Antonyms: increase, amplify.

essential

Absolutely necessary or extremely important; fundamental for existence or operation.

Example: Water is an essential resource for life.

Etymology: From Latin 'essentia', meaning 'being' or 'existence'.

Synonyms: vital, critical.

Antonyms: nonessential, insignificant.

gigantic

Very large or massive; enormous in scale or size.

Example: The gigantic whale swam gracefully through the ocean.

Etymology: From Latin 'gigantus', meaning 'giant'.

Synonyms: huge, colossal.

Antonyms: tiny, minuscule.

intently

With earnest and eager attention; focused sharply on something.

Example: She listened intently to the speaker's every word.

Etymology: From Latin 'intensus', meaning 'stretched out'.

Synonyms: attentively, closely.

Antonyms: distractedly, carelessly.

modest

Moderate or humble in estimate of one's abilities or worth; not boastful.

Example: He has a modest view of his achievements.

Etymology: From Latin 'modestus', meaning 'keeping within measure'.

Synonyms: humble, moderate.

Antonyms: boastful, arrogant.

resemble

To have a similar appearance to someone or something; to look like.

Example: She closely resembles her mother in both appearance and personality.

Etymology: From Latin 'resimilis', meaning 'similar again'.

Synonyms: look like, similar.

Antonyms: differ, contrast.

solemn

Serious, grave, or deeply earnest; marked by dignity and seriousness.

Example: The solemn ceremony honored the fallen soldiers.

Etymology: From Latin 'solemnis', meaning 'customary'.

Synonyms: grave, serious.

Antonyms: cheerful, lighthearted.

accurate

Correct or precise; free from errors or mistakes.

Example: The map provided accurate information about the terrain.

Etymology: From Latin 'accuratus', meaning 'carefully done'.

Synonyms: precise, exact.

Antonyms: inaccurate, incorrect.

culture

The social behavior, norms, and practices prevalent in human societies; the collective customs and beliefs of a group.

Example: The culture of the region is rich in traditions and festivals.

Etymology: From Latin 'cultura', meaning 'cultivation'.

Synonyms: society, civilization.

Antonyms: barbarism, savagery.

distract

To divert attention from something; to cause someone to lose focus.

Example: The noise outside began to distract her from her work.

Etymology: From Latin 'distrahere', meaning 'to pull apart'.

Synonyms: divert, sidetrack.

Antonyms: concentrate, focus.

frequent

Occurring often or repeatedly; the state of being common or usual.

Example: She made frequent trips to the library.

Etymology: From Latin 'frequentare', meaning 'to visit often'.

Synonyms: regular, habitual.

Antonyms: rare, infrequent.

hesitate

To pause before saying or doing something, often due to uncertainty or indecision.

Example: He hesitated before answering the tricky question.

Etymology: From Latin 'haesitare', meaning 'to stick fast'.

Synonyms: falter, waver.

Antonyms: decide, proceed.

infuriate

To make someone extremely angry; to provoke outrage.

Example: The unfair decision seemed to infuriate the entire team.

Etymology: From Latin 'in' (not) + 'furiatus', meaning 'to rage'.

Synonyms: enrage, irritate.

Antonyms: calm, pacify.

population

The number of people living in a particular area, region, or country; can also refer to a group of individuals.

Example: The population of the city has increased significantly over the last decade.

Etymology: From Latin 'populatio', meaning 'the act of populating'.

Synonyms: populace, community.

Antonyms: depopulation, decline.

realistic

Representing things as they actually are; practical or sensible in approach or expectation.

Example: She had a realistic view of what it would take to succeed.

Etymology: From Latin 'realisticus', meaning 'pertaining to things'.

Synonyms: practical, pragmatic.

Antonyms: unrealistic, idealistic.

resource

A source of supply or support that can be drawn upon when needed; it can be material, financial, or human.

Example: The organization is seeking additional resources to fund its programs.

Etymology: From French 'ressource', meaning 'to source or supply'.

Synonyms: supply, asset.

Antonyms: depletion, scarcity.

thrive

To grow or develop vigorously; to flourish or prosper.

Example: The business began to thrive after a successful marketing campaign.

Etymology: From Old Norse 'þrifa', meaning 'to grasp, seize'.

Synonyms: prosper, flourish.

Antonyms: decline, wither.

compose

To create or form by putting together parts or elements; can also refer to writing music or text.

Example: She decided to compose a letter to her friend.

Etymology: From Latin 'componere', meaning 'to put together'.

Synonyms: create, assemble.

Antonyms: dismantle, disassemble.

extraordinary

Very unusual or remarkable; beyond what is ordinary or usual.

Example: The artist's work was extraordinary and received critical acclaim.

Etymology: From Latin 'extraordinarius', meaning 'beyond the ordinary'.

Synonyms: exceptional, remarkable.

Antonyms: ordinary, unremarkable.

gape

To stare with open mouth in amazement or wonder; to be in awe.

Example: The audience began to gape at the magician's incredible tricks.

Etymology: From Old English 'gapa', meaning 'to open wide'.

Synonyms: gawk, stare.

Antonyms: glance, peek.

gleeful

Full of joy and excitement; expressing or characterized by delight.

Example: The children were gleeful as they played in the snow.

Etymology: From Old English 'gleo', meaning 'music or joy'.

Synonyms: joyful, blissful.

Antonyms: sorrowful, mournful.

identify

To recognize or establish as being a particular person or thing; to ascertain the identity of something.

Example: The witness was able to identify the suspect in the lineup.

Etymology: From Latin 'identificare', meaning 'to make identical'.

Synonyms: recognize, pinpoint.

Antonyms: confuse, misidentify.

persuade

To convince someone to do something, often through reasoning or argument; to influence someone's actions or opinions.

Example: She tried to persuade her friends to join her for the trip.

Etymology: From Latin 'persuadere', meaning 'to convince'.

Synonyms: convince, influence.

Antonyms: dissuade, deter.

convey

To communicate or make known, often through words or actions; to express a thought or feeling.

Example: The letter was meant to convey her deepest sympathies.

Etymology: From Latin 'convehere', meaning 'to carry together'.

Synonyms: communicate, express.

Antonyms: conceal, hide.

predict

To say or declare what will happen in the future based on evidence or reasoning; to forecast.

Example: Meteorologists predict rain for tomorrow.

Etymology: From Latin 'predicere', meaning 'to foretell'.

Synonyms: foretell, anticipate.

Antonyms: ignore, disregard.

tolerate

To allow the existence of something without interference; to put up with something unpleasant.

Example: She could not tolerate the constant noise from the construction site.

Etymology: From Latin 'tolerare', meaning 'to bear'.

Synonyms: endure, accept.

Antonyms: reject, oppose.

vague

Not clearly expressed or defined; lacking specific details or clarity.

Example: His vague response left everyone confused about his intentions.

Etymology: From Latin 'vagus', meaning 'wandering'.

Synonyms: unclear, ambiguous.

Antonyms: clear, specific.

blurt

To say something suddenly or without careful consideration; to speak out impulsively.

Example: She blurted out the surprise party details by accident.

Etymology: Origin unknown, likely related to stutter or slur.

Synonyms: exclaim, spill.

Antonyms: withhold, suppress.

criticize

To express disapproval of something, often pointing out faults or shortcomings; to find fault with.

Example: The reviewers harshly criticized the film for its poor plot.

Etymology: From Greek 'kritikos', meaning 'able to make judgments'.

Synonyms: condemn, censure.

Antonyms: praise, commend.

flimsy

Light and thin; easily damaged or broken; lacking strength or substance.

Example: The flimsy paper blew away in the wind.

Etymology: From Middle English 'flimsy', meaning 'light and easily broken'.

Synonyms: weak, fragile.

Antonyms: sturdy, strong.

fortunate

Having good luck or favorable circumstances; lucky.

Example: I feel fortunate to have such supportive friends.

Etymology: From Latin 'fortunatus', meaning 'made happy by fortune'.

Synonyms: lucky, blessed.

Antonyms: unfortunate, unlucky.

illuminate

To light up or clarify, making something easier to see or understand; to provide insight.

Example: The discovery helped to illuminate the complex issue.

Etymology: From Latin 'illuminare', meaning 'to light up'.

Synonyms: clarify, enlighten.

Antonyms: obscure, darken.

intend

To have a plan or purpose in mind; to mean to do something.

Example: I intend to complete my project by next week.

Etymology: From Latin 'intendere', meaning 'to stretch towards'.

Synonyms: plan, aim.

Antonyms: be indifferent, neglect.

mimic

To imitate someone or something, typically in an exaggerated manner for comedic or instructional purposes.

Example: He can mimic a variety of accents perfectly.

Etymology: From Greek 'mimikos', meaning 'imitative'.

Synonyms: imitate, copy.

Antonyms: create, originate.

ridicule

To make fun of someone in a mocking manner; to deride or mock.

Example: The comic ridiculed the political figure's blunders.

Etymology: From Latin 'ridiculum', meaning 'a joke'.

Synonyms: mock, taunt.

Antonyms: praise, commend.

trait

A distinguishing characteristic or quality, especially of one's personal nature.

Example: Patience is a valuable trait in a leader.

Etymology: From Latin 'tractus', meaning 'to draw out'.

Synonyms: characteristic, quality.

Antonyms: flaw, defect.

utter

To speak or make a sound; to express verbally.

Example: She could barely utter a word in her state of shock.

Etymology: From Old English 'uttera', meaning 'outer'.

Synonyms: express, state.

Antonyms: silence, withhold.

adjust

To alter or adapt to achieve a desired fit or outcome; to modify or change.

Example: He had to adjust his schedule to accommodate the meeting.

Etymology: From Latin 'adjuxtare', meaning 'to bring to' or 'to fit'.

Synonyms: modify, adapt.

Antonyms: maintain, keep.

approve

To officially agree to or accept; to give consent or authorization.

Example: The board will approve the budget next week.

Etymology: From Latin 'approbare', meaning 'to test or esteem'.

Synonyms: endorse, accept.

Antonyms: reject, disapprove.

conduct

To lead or direct an activity or process; to manage or carry out.

Example: She was appointed to conduct the research project.

Etymology: From Latin 'conductus', meaning 'led, guided'.

Synonyms: manage, lead.

Antonyms: neglect, abandon.

conflict

A serious disagreement or argument, often prolonged; a struggle between opposing forces.

Example: The conflict between the two nations lasted for years.

Etymology: From Latin 'conflictus', meaning 'striking together'.

Synonyms: dispute, clash.

Antonyms: agreement, harmony.

equivalent

Equal in value, amount, function, or meaning; interchangeable.

Example: The two jobs are equivalent in terms of responsibility.

Etymology: From Latin 'aequivalens', meaning 'equal in force'.

Synonyms: equal, comparable.

Antonyms: unequal, different.

likely

Probable or expected to happen; having a high chance of occurring.

Example: It is likely to rain tomorrow.

Etymology: From Old Norse 'likligr', meaning 'like'.

Synonyms: probable, expected.

Antonyms: unlikely, improbable.

neglect

To fail to care for or attend to something; to disregard.

Example: The garden fell into neglect after they moved away.

Etymology: From Latin 'neglectus', meaning 'to overlook'.

Synonyms: disregard, ignore.

Antonyms: attend, nurture.

seldom

Not often; rarely occurring; infrequently.

Example: He seldom visits his old friends.

Etymology: From Old Norse 'seldr', meaning 'rare'.

Synonyms: rarely, infrequently.

Antonyms: often, frequently.

significant

Sufficiently great or important to be worthy of attention; meaningful.

Example: The findings had significant implications for future research.

Etymology: From Latin 'significare', meaning 'to mean or indicate'.

Synonyms: important, notable.

Antonyms: insignificant, trivial.

vital

Absolutely necessary or important; essential for life or operation.

Example: It is vital to stay hydrated in the heat.

Etymology: From Latin 'vitalis', meaning 'of life'.

Synonyms: crucial, essential.

Antonyms: unimportant, trivial.

claim

To assert or affirm strongly; to state something as a fact without providing evidence.

Example: He claimed that he was innocent of all charges.

Etymology: From Latin 'clamare', meaning 'to call out'.

Synonyms: assert, declare.

Antonyms: deny, reject.

context

The circumstances or setting surrounding an event, statement, or idea that help clarify its meaning.

Example: Understanding the historical context is essential for interpreting the text.

Etymology: From Latin 'contextus', meaning 'to bind together'.

Synonyms: background, situation.

Antonyms: isolation, detachment.

debris

Scattered pieces of waste or remains, often resulting from destruction; fragments.

Example: After the storm, there was debris scattered all over the streets.

Etymology: From French 'débris', meaning 'broken pieces'.

Synonyms: rubble, litter.

Antonyms: intact, whole.

eerie

Strange and frightening, often invoking a sense of unease or fear; unsettling.

Example: The abandoned house had an eerie feel to it.

Etymology: From Old English 'earg', meaning 'cowardly'.

Synonyms: spooky, uncanny.

Antonyms: comforting, familiar.

graphic

Involving vivid and clear images, often used to describe illustrations or depictions; very detailed.

Example: The graphic description of the incident shocked everyone.

Etymology: From Greek 'graphikos', meaning 'pertaining to writing or drawing'.

Synonyms: vivid, explicit.

Antonyms: vague, abstract.

investigate

To carry out a systematic inquiry to discover the facts or truth about something; to examine closely.

Example: The police decided to investigate the suspicious activity.

Etymology: From Latin 'investigare', meaning 'to track down'.

Synonyms: examine, explore.

Antonyms: ignore, disregard.

irregular

Not conforming to a pattern, standard, or rule; uneven or unpredictable.

Example: The road had several irregular patches that made driving difficult.

Etymology: From Latin 'irregularis', meaning 'not regular'.

Synonyms: inconsistent, erratic.

Antonyms: regular, consistent.

rustle

To make a soft, muffled crackling sound, typically from leaves, paper, etc.; to stir lightly.

Example: The rustle of leaves in the wind was calming.

Etymology: From Middle English 'rustlen', meaning 'to stir'.

Synonyms: crackle, shuffle.

Antonyms: silence, stillness.

scrawny

Unattractively thin and bony; excessively lean.

Example: The stray dog looked scrawny and malnourished.

Etymology: From Early 19th century, perhaps from 'scrawny' in dialect.

Synonyms: skinny, gaunt.

Antonyms: plump, robust.

wage

To carry on or engage in an effort, typically used with war or a campaign; to conduct.

Example: The community decided to wage a campaign for better schools.

Etymology: From Old North French 'wager', meaning 'to pledge'.

Synonyms: conduct, carry on.

Antonyms: cease, halt.

affect

To have an influence on or make a change to something; to touch the feelings of someone.

Example: Her honesty can positively affect those around her.

Etymology: From Latin 'afficere', meaning 'to do to'.

Synonyms: influence, impact.

Antonyms: ignore, disregard.

despair

The complete loss of hope; a state of hopelessness.

Example: He fell into despair after receiving the bad news.

Etymology: From Latin 'desperare', meaning 'to lose hope'.

Synonyms: hopelessness, anguish.

Antonyms: hope, optimism.

detect

To discover or identify the existence of something, often through careful examination.

Example: Scientists work hard to detect signs of life on other planets.

Etymology: From Latin 'detegere', meaning 'to uncover'.

Synonyms: discover, identify.

Antonyms: overlook, miss.

external

Relating to or located on the outside; outer or outward-facing.

Example: The external appearance of the building is very modern.

Etymology: From Latin 'externus', meaning 'outer'.

Synonyms: outer, outside.

Antonyms: internal, inner.

gleam

To shine brightly, especially with reflected light; to give off a brief moment of brightness.

Example: The sun began to gleam through the clouds.

Etymology: From Old English 'gleam', meaning 'brightness'.

Synonyms: shimmer, shine.

Antonyms: dullness, darkness.

internal

Relating to or located on the inside; inner or contained within something.

Example: The internal structure of the organization is complex.

Etymology: From Latin 'internus', meaning 'inside'.

Synonyms: inner, interior.

Antonyms: external, outer.

peril

Serious and immediate danger; the threat of harm or loss.

Example: Hiking without proper gear can put you in peril.

Etymology: From Latin 'periculum', meaning 'danger'.

Synonyms: danger, hazard.

Antonyms: safety, security.

restrict

To limit or control something, often in terms of scope, size, or access; to restrain.

Example: Laws are in place to restrict the use of harmful substances.

Etymology: From Latin 'restringere', meaning 'to bind back'.

Synonyms: limit, confine.

Antonyms: expand, liberate.

secure

To obtain or ensure safety; to make safe or stable, often from harm or damage.

Example: She took steps to secure her property during the storm.

Etymology: From Latin 'securus', meaning 'free from care'.

Synonyms: protect, ensure.

Antonyms: endanger, jeopardize.

summary

A brief statement or account of the main points or essential features of something; a condensed version.

Example: He provided a summary of the report for the meeting.

Etymology: From Latin 'summarium', meaning 'a brief statement'.

Synonyms: synopsis, overview.

Antonyms: detail, expansion.

coax

To persuade someone gently to do something; to influence through flattery or gentle urging.

Example: She tried to coax the cat into coming out of hiding.

Etymology: From Latin 'coaxare', meaning 'to call softly'.

Synonyms: persuade, cajole.

Antonyms: force, compel.

enhance

To improve the quality, value, or extent of something; to augment or increase.

Example: They aimed to enhance the user experience with new features.

Etymology: From Latin 'enhancere', meaning 'to raise'.

Synonyms: improve, upgrade.

Antonyms: diminish, reduce.

exhibit

To display or show something publicly; to present for viewing.

Example: The museum will exhibit rare artifacts from ancient civilizations.

Etymology: From Latin 'exhibere', meaning 'to hold out'.

Synonyms: display, show.

Antonyms: conceal, hide.

familiar

Well known from long or close association; commonly recognized or understood.

Example: The song was familiar to everyone at the party.

Etymology: From Latin 'familiaris', meaning 'of a household'.

Synonyms: acquainted, recognizable.

Antonyms: unfamiliar, unknown.

ferocious

Savage and cruel; characterized by extreme aggression or intensity.

Example: The ferocious storm left destruction in its wake.

Etymology: From Latin 'ferox', meaning 'wild'.

Synonyms: savage, fierce.

Antonyms: gentle, mild.

murky

Not clear; cloudy or dark; lacking clarity or transparency.

Example: The murky water made it difficult to see the bottom.

Etymology: From Middle English 'murk', meaning 'dark or gloomy'.

Synonyms: cloudy, turbid.

Antonyms: clear, transparent.

outcome

The result or consequence of an event; the final resolution or effect.

Example: The outcome of the election surprised everyone.

Etymology: From Old English 'ūta', meaning 'to go out'.

Synonyms: result, consequence.

Antonyms: cause, initiation.

restrain

To hold back from action; to restrict or control movement.

Example: They had to restrain the dog to prevent it from running away.

Etymology: From Latin 're-stringere', meaning 'to tighten again'.

Synonyms: constrain, hold back.

Antonyms: free, release.

sorrowful

Filled with grief or regret; deeply sad or mournful.

Example: Her sorrowful expression reflected her heartbreak.

Etymology: From Old English 'sorh', meaning 'sorrow'.

Synonyms: mournful, sad.

Antonyms: joyful, happy.

sympathy

Feelings of pity or sorrow for someone else's misfortune; compassionate understanding.

Example: She expressed her sympathy for the victims of the tragedy.

Etymology: From Greek 'sumpatheia', meaning 'fellow feeling'.

Synonyms: compassion, empathy.

Antonyms: indifference, apathy.