Video Notes: Physical Exam of Skin, Hair, Nails, and Lymphatic System (Notes Review)

A set of Q&A flashcards covering key concepts from skin, hair, nails, and lymphatic physical examination, including lesion types, wound staging, melanoma screening, palpation findings, and lymphatic system basics.

What is a flat, nonpalpable skin lesion smaller than 1 cm called?

Macule

What is a flat, nonpalpable lesion larger than 1 cm called?

Patch

What is a raised solid skin lesion that is palpable and not fluid-filled called?

Papule

What is a raised, flat-topped lesion larger than 1 cm called?

Plaque

What is a solid lesion that extends deeper into the skin called?

Nodule

What is a small fluid-filled blister called?

Vesicle

What is a blister larger than 1 cm called?

Bullae

What is a pus-filled skin lesion called?

Pustule

What term describes a ring-like arrangement of lesions?

Annular rash

What is a crack in the skin called?

Fissure

What term refers to spider-like visible veins related to hormones that you can’t palpate as a lump?

Telangiectasia

What stage of pressure injury is characterized by redness without skin break?

Stage I

Which stage involves epidermis and dermis with partial-thickness loss and possible shallow open ulcer?

Stage II

Which stage involves full-thickness tissue loss into subcutaneous tissue?

Stage III

Which stage involves full-thickness tissue loss with exposure of bone, tendon, or muscle?

Stage IV

What does the ABCD rule for melanoma stand for?

Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter >6 mm, Evolution

What three aspects of the skin are assessed during palpation?

Texture, temperature, and hydration/turgor (elasticity)

What is the sign called when skin tenting indicates dehydration?

Tenting (poor skin turgor)

Where should you check for skin folds and breakdown during a hospital skin assessment?

In skin folds and areas with excess tissue; also check IV sites and wounds; monitor pressure points

What is the normal size of a healthy lymph node?

Less than 1 centimeter

What lymph node signs suggest acute infection vs malignancy?

Tender and warm suggests acute infection; fixed and hard suggests malignancy

Where do the right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct drain lymph into?

Right lymphatic duct drains into the right subclavian vein; Thoracic duct drains into the left subclavian vein

What are the main functions of the lymphatic system?

Moves interstitial fluid, produces lymphocytes/antibodies, participates in immune responses and fat absorption; also a pathway for cancer metastasis

How can infants acquire antibodies early in life?

Through placental transfer before birth and via breast milk after birth

What aging-related changes occur in the lymphatic system?

Decreased lymphocytes and stiffer, fibrotic lymph nodes with slower healing