Personal Protective Equipment and General Survey

4 types of safety precautions are spread by…

1. safety

2. contact: direct/indirect contact

3. droplet: respiratory droplets through cough, sneeze, talk

4. airborne: small agents that remain in air

2 examples of each of the 4 types of safety precautions:

1. safety

2. contact: bedbugs, MRSA

3. droplet: flue, B. pertussis (whooping cough)

4. airborne: tuberculosis, chicken pox

In what type of safety precaution is a pt placed in a negative pressure isolation room?

airborne

What are PPE for safety precautions?

1. hand hygiene

2. gloves

What are PPE for droplet precautions?

1. hand hygiene

2. gloves

3. face mask/respirator (N95)

What is the difference between direct and direct contact?

d: contact with pt

i: contact with pt’s environment

What are PPE for contact precautions?

1. hand hygiene

2. gowns

3. gloves

What are PPE for airborne precautions?

1. hand hygiene

2. gloves

3. N95/respirator

4. gown

5. eye protection

T or F: gloves should be donned first and doffed last.

F

T or F: PPE should be worn during pt transport.

F

What are the components of a general survey?

1. appearance: LOC, age, sex/gender, skin color, facial expressions, posture/structure, dress/hygiene, mobility

2. behavior: speech, mood, affect, facial expressions

What is a normal LOC?

awake, alert, and oriented to person, place, and time

What is a normal age?

appears stated age

What is a normal sex/gender?

appropriate sexual development for age

What is a normal skin color?

even tone, consistent with genetics

What is a normal facial expressions?

symmetrical; cohesive with mood/affect

What is a normal posture?

erect

What is a normal dress/hygiene?

clothing is appropriate for age, culture, climate and its clean/well-fitting; well-kept, groomed (hair included), makeup is appropriate for age and culture

What is a normal body structure?

height (stature) and weight (nutrition) is normal range for age/genetics/sex; symmetrical, proportionate body parts

What is a normal mobility?

gait: feet shoulder length apart; smooth, even walk

ROM: voluntary, smooth movement of each joint

What is a normal speech?

articulate, clear, understandable

What is a normal mood/affect?

pleasant, comfortable, cooperative