CUSH 19 and 20

James Blaine

Expand American influence to Latin America, founder of Pan-American congress, Republican

Civil Service Reform

Merit-based hiring (competitive based exams rather than patronage)

Rutherford B. Hayes

Ended Reconstruction

James Garfield

Assassinated for civil service reform

Chester Arthur

Signed first civil service reform, improved navy

Grover Cleveland

Conservative Democrat, 2 separate terms

Stalwarts and Half-Breeds

Republican factions (groups that oppose each other on one or more issues) disagreed on patronage which *weakened the republican party since there was fighting from within*

Mugwumps

Republicans who supported Democrats

Benjamin Harrison

President who signed Sherman Antitrust Act

William McKinley

President who stood for election in 1896

Theodore Roosevelt

Progressive, Rough Riders, Pure Food and Drug Act, Environmentalist

Sherman Antitrust Act

Law to prevent monopolies, improved economic fairness

The Grange

Farmers' organization that promoted their needs, failed

Yellow Journalism

Sensationalized news over facts, Spanish atrocities

General Valeriano Weyler

Spanish commander who confined Cubans to concentration

Dupuy de LÔme

Spanish diplomat critical of President McKinley

Battleship Maine

Ship falsely blamed for bombing, led to Spanish-American War

A Splendid Little War

John Hayes' term for the Spanish-American War

George Dewey

Navy commander who led the Philippines war

Rough Riders

Cavalry unit in the Spanish-American War

Reasons for imperialism

control, power, trade, money, cheap labor, help for other countries, access to natural resources, spread democracy, diversity, expansion

Leaders in the imperialism fight

Cecil Rhodes, William Jennings Bryan

Platt Amendment

Treaty between US and Cuba to protect Cuba's independence

The Philippine War

Conflict between US and Philippines for independence

The Open Door

John Hay's policy of equal trade in China

Boxer Rebellion

Revolt against foreigners in China

Elihu Root

Secretary of War under Roosevelt

The Progressives

Political movement for social reform

What is Progressivism?

Human intervention in social/economic affairs was essential to society.

What are the anti-progressivisms?

Those who opposed reform (against women's suffrage etc.).

What are Muckrakers?

Journalists who exposed corruption and social problems.

What is the Social Gospel movement?

Redeeming America's cities here and now.

What are Settlement Houses?

Places that elevate the distressed by improving living conditions.

Who is Jane Addams?

Founder of Hull House.

What is the American Medical Association?

Previously no medical standards, anyone could be a doctor

What are some female dominated professions?

Social work, settlement houses, education, nursing.

What is Women's suffrage?

The right for women to vote. (19th amendment)

Who are Stanton and Catt?

Leaders of the NAWSAW, abolitionists who supported women’s rights

What is NAWSA?

National American Woman Suffrage Association.

What is the 19th Amendment?

Amendment that gave women the right to vote.

What is Municipal Reform?

Reform of city governments.

Who is Robert La Folette?

Progressive governor of Wisconsin.

What are Initiative, Referendum, and Recall?

Forms of direct democracy.

What is the Triangle shirtwaist fire?

Deadly factory fire that led to workplace safety laws. (OSHA)

Who is WEB Du Bois?

Civil rights activist who cautioned Woodrow Wilson. (President do you know of these things?)

What is NAACP?

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

What is Lynching?

Extrajudicial killing, often of African Americans.

Who are Jessie Daniel Ames and Ida Wells Barnett?

Anti-lynching activists.

Who is Ida Wells Barnett?

African American journalist and anti-lynching activist.

What is the Temperance Crusade?

Movement to prohibit alcohol. -order to society, curb prostitution, limit divorce, prevent work accidents, improve women's lives

What is the 18th Amendment?

Prohibition of alcohol.

What is Immigration?

Movement of people from one country to another.

What are Eugenics and Nativism?

Beliefs in the superiority of certain races and limiting immigration.

What is Socialism?

Economic system where the means of production are owned by the community.

Who is Eugen V Debs?

The leading socialist candidate.

What are Wobblies?

Members of the International Workers of the World.

Who is Louis Brandeis?

Lawyer and author of "Curse of Bigness". Talks about antitrust and corrupt monopoly power

Who is President Theodore Roosevelt?

President who passed the Hepburn RR regulation Act and Pure Food and Drug Act.

What is the Square Deal?

Roosevelt's domestic program.

What is Roosevelt and Conservation?

Efforts to conserve natural resources.

What is Hetch Hetchy?

Water reservoir in San Francisco.

Who is John Muir?

Founder of the Sierra Club and advocate for national parks.

Who is President William H. Taft?

Republican president who succeeded Roosevelt.

What is New Nationalism?

Roosevelt's call for vigorous government involvement.

What is the Election of 1912?

Presidential election with Eugene V Debs, TR, Woodrow Wilson, and Taft.

Who is President Woodrow Wilson?

President elected in 1912.

Democratic and Republican strongholds

Democratic and Republican strongholds are regions or areas where one party has a significant advantage in terms of voter support and electoral victories. These areas tend to be highly polarized and have a consistent voting pattern in favor of one party over the other.

Roscoe Conkling

Prominent New York Senator and Republican Party leader during the late 19th century. Known for his staunch opposition to civil service reform and his support for patronage politics.

*essay* progressive era

The progressive era was a broad based reform movement 1900-1917 that sought governmental action in solving problems in many areas for american life including education, public health, the economy the environment, labor, transportation, and politics.

Reasons against imperialism

Easy to abuse power and taking on other problems makes it hard for you to focus on yours

What are abolitionists?

Someone who favors the abolition of a practice ie slavery

What is a democracy?

governance of whole population by elected officials