CHALLENGE 5 AND BEFORE

English course

Encourage

to make someone more likely to do something, or to make something more likely to happen (fomentar, animar, apoyar algo/ alguien)

call for

to ask publicly that sth be done or to require a particular type of treatment or skill (exigir, requerir)

clear up

If the weather clears up, the cloud and rain disappear (mejorar) or an occasion when you tidy a place by getting rid of things that you do not want (limpieza)

give off

to produce gases or energy (emitir, soltar)

wipe out

to lose control, especially in a vehicle, and have an accident (perder el control)

end up

to finally be in a particular place or situation (acabar en)

carry

llevar; to have something with you all the time;to support the weight of something without moving or breaking (aguantar);to give approval, especially by voting (aprobar)

wind sth up

to close a business or organization (cerrar o liquidar algo)

wind somebody up

to annoy or upset someone (sacar de quicio a alguien)

a piece of cake

muy facil, tarea de niños

against the clock

when time running out (contra el reloj, contrarreloj)

every cloud has a silver lining

said to emphasize that every difficult or unpleasant situation has some advantage (‘‘no hay mal que por bien no venga’’)

against the clock

do something as fast as possible(a contrarreloj)

the greenhouse effect

an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere (= mixture of gases around the earth), that is believed to be the cause of a gradual warming of the surface of the earth (calentamiento global(

dispensable

prescindible, no necesario

likewise

in the same way (asimismo, igualmente, del mismo modo)

provide

to give someone something that they need (proporcionar, proveer, ofrecer)

provided that

siempre y cuando, si, siempre que, a condición de, con tal de

on the whole

generally (en su conjunto, en terminos generales)

whoever

quien quiera que

afterwards

después, luego

it is a pity

‘‘es una lástima’’

refuse

to say that you will not do or accept something (rechazar, negarse)

back out

to decide not to do sth you had agreed to do (arrepentirse, desvincularse)

bring out

sacar, producir, lanzar un producto

close down

(of a business) to close permanently

see-through

something very thin and light, so you can see other clothes or the body under it (transparente)

see to

to deal with sth (encargarse de algo)

ej:His boss left him to … .. the details.

set-to

an argument or fight (pelea, discusión)

set to

to start to do something (vigorously); ponerse a, empezar a

set out

to start a journey, to begin a long trip (ponerse en camino, partir; empezar un largo viaje)

set up

the way in which things are organized or arranged, to start or do sth that requires organization, to make ready to use (sistema, organización; montar; instalar)

slow

verb to reduce speed or activity, or to make something do this (reducir la velocidad, ralentizar)

speed up

aceleración; acelerar, darse prisa

space out

Someone who isn´t completely conscious of what is happening, often because of taking drugs or needing to sleep (ir zombi)

stand in for

to do sth for sb when they cannot do it (hacer algo por alguien)

arrange

to plan, prepare for, or organize something (organizar, concentar, arreglar una reunión)

take on

to decide to do sth that takes a lot of effort, time, etc (encargarse, asumir o hacerse cargo de algo; embarcarse)

to continue a job that sb else has started, to get control of a government, country, company, etc (acabar el trabajo; tomar el control o el mando)

turn down

to not accept an offer, to decrease the level of sound, heat, etc. that a device is producing (rechazar; bajar)

dust

dry dirt in the form of powder that covers surfaces inside a building, or very small dry pieces of soil, sand, or other substances; to use a cloth to remove dust from the surface of something (polvo; quitar el polvo)

shut down

If a business or a large piece of equipment stops operating (apagar, detener o cancelar algo)

find out

descubrir

fair

justo

as well

también

so far

until now, up to a certain point (hasta este momento)

as far as I know

used to say what you think is true, although you do not know all the facts (según tengo entendido)

so far so good

used to say that an activity has gone well until now (hasta ahora todo bien)

nearby

not far away (cerca, cercano)

therefore

indicates the result or natural conclusion of what has been said (por lo tanto)

therefrom

from that or from there; from a thing or place that has been previously mentioned (desde ahí)

ej:The moment I saw the room and the view ……… no questions came to my mind but to take it.

mainly

indicates what is most important or significant (principalmente)

plenty

an amount that is enough or more than enough (mucho, bastante; abundancia,riqueza, abundancia, infinidad)

raise

levantar, aumentar, criar, educar, recaudar

tuition

money you pay to go to a school, college, etc; teaching, especially when given to a small group or one person, such as in a college or university ( matrícula; clases de universidad)

attached

feeling a great affection for (estar encariñado o apegado, adjunto) - adjetivo

to be about to

estar a punto de

head out

abandonar, marcharse

bill

factura; cuenta del banco

nearly

casi

not likely!, certainly not!

¡va a ser que no!

read out

to read aloud (leer en voz alta)

proficiency

a good level of ability, skill, etc (dominio, competencia, aptitud, proficiencia)

drop

(caerse,dejar caer; abandonar, dejar; llevar en coche) — gota como sustantivo

drop dead

to die suddenly and unexpectedly (caer muerto de verdad)

keep track

to watch and be aware of how sth is progressing (controlar, seguir, vigilar)

como sustantivo- pista, vía, camino

unawares

suddenly and unexpectedly without any warning (sin darse cuenta, desprevenido)

approach

to come near or nearer to something or someone in space, time, quality, or amount;

throughout

in every part, or during the whole period of time (durante, todo el tiempo, por todo)

Stick

A thin piece of wood or other material; to cause something to become fixed, for example with glue or another similar substance (palo; pegar)

Tend

to be likely to behave in a particular way or have a particular characteristic (Tender a hacer algo)

Fixed

arranged or decided already and not able to be changed (fijo)

Establish

Establecer, fundar, demostrar

Carve out

To achieve or gain something (forjarse, hacerse, labrarse)

Weaken

to (cause to) become less strong, powerful, determined, or effective (Debilitar/se)

Suitable

Adecuado, acto, apropiado, conveniente

Accurate

acertado, preciso, exacto

Stake

Apostar; apuesta, participación en una compañía

Pattern

a particular way in which something is done, is organized, or happens (Patrón)

Seemingly

Aparentemente

Engage

Contratar, captar, involucrar

Enhance

to improve the quality, amount, or strength of something (Mejorar,realzar)

Self-awareness

good knowledge and judgment about yourself (autoconocimiento)

Overwhelming

Abrumador, agobiante

Witness

Testigo; presenciar accidente o crimen

Look up

to search for a piece of information in a book or on the Internet (Buscar; mejorar)

Slide

to (cause to) move easily and without interruption over a surface

Above and beyond

Más allá de eso

Briefly

Brevemente

Outcome

Resultado

Overload

Sobrecarga

Print

letters, numbers, or symbols that have been produced on paper by a machine using ink(negrita); imprimir, publicar

Belief

Creencia, convicción, confianza

Self esteem

belief and confidence in your own abilityand value (Autoestima)

Tracker

Rastreador

Seek

Buscar algo o alguien

Overall

General, global

Measurable

Medible, cuantificable

Never mind

Olvídalo, no importa

Threat

Amenaza