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All of their common salts are soluble
Sodium, potassium and ammonium compounds
All of these are soluble
nitrates
Soluble except for silver and lead (II)
common chlorides
soluble except for those of barium, calcium and lead(II)
common sulfates
insoluble except for those of sodium, potassium and ammonium
common carbonates
insoluble except for those of sodium, potassium and calcium (calcium salt is slightly soluble).
common hydroxides
sulfuric acid
H₂SO₄
Nitric Acid
HNO₃
hydrochloric acid
HCl
Acid + Metal
salt + hydrogen
Acid + metal oxide/hydroxide
salt + water
Acid + metal carbonate
salt + water + carbon dioxide
Acid + ammonia
ammonium salt
Ammonia
NH₃
A soluble base
Alkali
Method to get soluble salt from solution
crystallisation
Method to get insoluble salt from solution
filtration
two solutions react to form an insoluble solid
precipitation reaction
Methyl orange in acid
red
Methyl orange in alkali
yellow
Phenolphthalein in acid
Colourless
phenolphthalein in base
pink
Litmus in acid and alkali
red and blue
Method to find the unknown concentration of acid or alkali
titration
A substance that change colour in acid or alkali
indicator
acid in solution are a source of
Hydrogen ions
alkali in solution are a source of
hydroxide ions
acids are
proton donors
bases are
proton acceptors
burette
burette
pipette
pipette
pipette filler
conical flask