physics final mc 2025

An object moving with a constant velocity is said to be moving under its own

inertia

Velocity is what type of quantity

Vector

What does the magnitude (length) of a velocity vector represent?

Speed

If a wheel is spinning at a constant speed is its velocity constant?

No

What is the acceleration called that is directly radially toward the center of a circle?

Centripetal acceleration

A vector has both

Magnitude and direction

Can a spinning wheel have a constant velocity?

No

What is the force called that is responsible for changing the speed of an object in circular motion?

tangential

What is the acceleration called that is responsible for changing the speed of an object in circular motion?

tangential

Mass is a measure of

inertia

What is Newton's second law?

F= m/a

What is Newton's first law?

Inertia

An object's resistance to be accelerated is Newton's ____ law

First

What is the formula for centripetal acceleration?

A= v^2/r

The ____ is distance around any circle

Circumference

π is the ____ divided by ______ of any circle

circumference , diameter

Radians are defined by dividing the _ by the ____ of any circle

arc length , radius

What are the two types of energy associated with SHM

Kinetic & Potential (KE , Us)

Potential energy is _ energy

stored

Kinetic energy is energy of

motion

An object undergoes SHM, its maximum speed occurs when its displacement from its equilibrium position is

maximum

An object undergoes SHM, its minimum acceleration occurs when its displacement from its equilibrium position is

zero

An object undergoes SHM, Its maximum acceleration occurs when its displacement from its equilibrium position is

maximum

An object undergoes SHM, its minimum force occurs when its displacement from its equilibrium position is

zero

An object undergoes SHM, its maximum force occurs when its displacement from its equilibrium position is

maximum

In the equation F= - k x, the minus sign indicates what type of force?

restoring

In the equation F= - k x, the k represents a _?

spring constant

The product of the period and frequency of the harmonic oscillator is always equal to

1

The period of a simple harmonic oscillator is independent of its

amplitude

The amplitude of the motion of an object undergoing SHM is

Its maximum displacement on either side of the equilibrium position

The amplitude of a simple harmonic oscillator does not affect its

frequency

Which one or more of the following statements about an object in SHM in a straight line is not true?

a. Its acceleration can be 0 at times

b. its acceleration can be greater than g at times

c. its amplitude must be small

d. its KE is constant

C & D

C. its amplitude must be small

D. its KE is constant

The amplitude of a simple harmonic oscillator is doubled. Which one or more of the following is also doubled?

a. its frequency

b. its period

c. its max speed

d. its total energy

C. Max speed

An object attached to a horizontal spring undergoes SHM on a frictionless surface, its PE

may or may not be zero, depending on its displacement

How did Newton originally write his 2nd Law?

F= ma

What condition needs to be true for conservation of mechanical energy to be applied to a problem?

Wnc=0

The product of what two products is equal to the impulse?

force and time

The quantity Δmv, is called,

impulse (change in momentum)

What is the impulse - momentum theorem derived from?

F= ma

An object that has momentum must also have

KE

In an inelastic collision between two objects

A. momentum and KE are both conserved

B. momentum is conserved but KE is not

C. KE is conserved ut momentum is not

D. neither momentum nor KE is conserved

B. Momentum is conserved but KE is not

In a perfectly elastic collision between objects, their relative speed after the collision is

A. 0

B. less than their relative speed before collision

C. equal to the relative speed before collision

D. more than their relative speed before collision

C. equal to the relative speed before collision

What is the best example of a perfectly elastic collision?

elementary particles

In a perfectly elastic collision, _

a) momentum is conserved but not KE.

b) KE is conserved but not momentum.

c) momentum and KE are both conserved.

d) neither momentum nor KE is conserved.

C. momentum and KE are both conserved

In the equation, momentum = mv, the m and v stand for

mass and velocity

What is the momentum of a 20000 g sled sliding down a snowy hill at 4 m/s?

a. 80,000 kg m/s

b. 5000 kg m/s

c. 800 kg m/s

d. 500 kg m/s

e. 80 kg m/s

e. 80 kg m/s

What is Newton's third Law?

F12= -F21

Find the average momentum of a 70 kg runner who covers 100 m in 20 s.

5 m/s

A 2200 kg SUV traveling at 30 m/s can be stopped in 22 s by gentle braking. Find the average force.

-3000 N