Hip, Abdomen, Neck, and Back AOIN

piriformis actions

laterally rotate the hip, abduct the hip when the hip is flexed

piriformis origin

anterior surface of sacrum

piriformis insertion

superior aspect of greater trochanter

piriformis nerve

sacral plexus

gemellus superior action

laterally rotate the hip

gemellus superior origin

ischial spine

gemellus superior insertion

medial surface of greater trochanter

gemellus superior nerve

sacral plexus

obturator internus action

laterally rotate the hip

obturator internus origin

obturator membrane and inferior surface of obturator foramen

obturator internus insertion

medial surface of greater trochanter

obturator internus nerve

sacral plexus

gemellus inferior action

laterally rotate the hip

gemellus inferior origin

ischial tuberosity

gemellus inferior insertion

medial surface of greater trochanter

gemellus inferior nerve

sacral plexus

obturator externus action

laterally rotate the hip

obturator externus origin

rami of pubis and ischium, obturator membrane

obturator externus insertion

trochanteric fossa of femur

obturator externus nerve

obturator

quadratus femoris action

laterally rotate the hip

quadratus femoris origin

lateral border of ischial tuberosity

quadratus femoris insertion

intertrochanteric crest, between the greater and lesser trochanters

quadratus femoris nerve

sacral plexus

gluteus maximus actions

all fibers: extend the hip, laterally rotate the hip, abduct the hip

lower fibers: adduct the hip

gluteus maximus origin

coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments

gluteus maximus insertion

iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity

gluteus maximus nerve

inferior gluteal

gluteus medius actions

all fibers: abduct the hip

anterior fibers: flex the hip, medially rotate the hip

posterior fibers: extend the hip, laterally rotate the hip

gluteus medius origin

gluteal surface of ilium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below the iliac crest

gluteus medius insertion

lateral aspect of greater trochanter

gluteus medius nerve

superior gluteal

gluteus minimus actions

abduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, flex the hip

gluteus minimus origin

gluteal surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines

gluteus minimus insertion

anterior aspect of greater trochanter

gluteus minimus nerve

superior gluteal

psoas major actions

with the origin fixed: flex the hip, may laterally rotate the hip

with the insertion fixed: flex the trunk toward the thigh, tilt pelvis anteriorly

psoas major origin

bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

psoas major insertion

lesser trochanter

psoas major nerve

lumbar plexus

iliacus actions

with the origin fixed: flex the hip, may laterally rotate the hip

with the insertion fixed: flex the trunk toward the thigh, tilt pelvis anteriorly

iliacus origin

iliac fossa

iliacus insertion

lesser trochanter

iliacus nerve

femoral

adductor magnus actions

adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, assist to flex the hip

posterior fibers: extend the hip

adductor magnus origin

inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium, and ischial tuberosity

adductor magnus insertion

medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle

adductor magnus nerve

obturator

pectineus actions

adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, assist to flex hip

pectineus origin

superior ramus of pubis

pectineus insertion

pectineal line of femur

pectineus nerve

femoral and obturator

adductor longus actions

adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, assist to flex the hip

adductor longus origin

pubic tubercle

adductor longus insertion

pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera

adductor longus nerve

obturator

gracilis actions

adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, flex the knee, medially rotate the flexed knee

gracilis origin

inferior ramus of pubis

gracilis insertion

proximal media shaft of tibia at pes ansernius

gracilis nerve

obturator

adductor brevis actions

adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip, assist to flex hip

adductor brevis origin

inferior ramus of pubis

adductor brevis insertion

pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera

adductor brevis nerve

obturator

rectus abdominis actions

flex the vertebral column, tilt pelvis posteriorly

rectus abdominis origin

pubic crest, pubic symphysis

rectus abdominis insertion

cartilage of fish, sixth, and seventh ribs and xiphoid process

rectus abdominis nerve

ventral rami

quadratus lumborus actions

unilaterally: laterally tilt, laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side, assist to extend the vertebral column

bilaterally: flex the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation

quadratus lumborus origin

posterior iliac crest

quadratus lumborus insertion

last rib and transverse process of first through fourth lumbar vertebrae

quadratus lumborus nerve

lumbar plexus

internal oblique actions

unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column to the same side, rotate vertebral column to the same side

bilaterally: flex the verterbral column, compress abdominal contents

internal oblique origin

lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia

internal oblique insertion

internal surface of lower three ribs, rectus sheath to linea alba

internal oblique nerve

iliohypogastric and ilioguinal ventral rami

transverse abdominis action

compress abdominal contents

transverse abdominis origin

lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia, and internal surface of lower six ribs

transverse abdominis insertion

rectus sheath to linea alba

transverse abdominis nerve

iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal, ventral divisions