Chem Chapter 1: Matter and Measurements

Chemistry

The study of the composition, properties, and interactions of matter.

Characteristics of a chemical change

Color change, temperature change, gas produced, forms precipitate

Mass

How much matter is in an object

Pure substance

Has a constant composition and properties throughout the sample. Consists of only one type of particle (atoms or molecules)

Compound

Substance made up of more than one type of atom

Mixture

A physical combination of two or more substances where each retains its individual properties. Mixtures can be either homogeneous or heterogeneous.

Homogenous Mixture

A mixture that has a uniform composition and properties throughout

Heterogenous Mixture

A mixture with an uneven composition throughout, where the individual components can be identified and separated.

Weight

The measure of the force exerted on an object due to gravity, commonly expressed in newtons or pounds.

Density

The mass per unit volume of a substance, often expressed in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) or kilograms per liter (kg/L). Density is a physical property that indicates how much mass is contained within a given volume.

Accuracy

The degree to which a measured value matches the true or accepted value. Accuracy is important in ensuring reliable and valid results in measurements.

Precision

The consistency of repeated measurements or results, indicating how close the measurements are to each other, regardless of their accuracy.

Deca

Ten da 10^1

Hecto

Hundred h 10²

Kilo

Thousand k 10³

Mega

Million M 10^6

Giga

Billion G 10^9

Tera

Trillion T 10^12

Deci

Tenth d 10^-1

Centi

Hundreth c 10^-2

Milli

Thousandth m 10^-3

Micro

Millionth µ 10^-6

Nano

Billionth n 10^-9

Pico

Trillionth p 10^-12

Fahrenheit to Celsius/Celsius to Fahrenheit

Celsius to Kelvin/Kelvin to Celsius

Volume Formula

Volume=Mass/Density

Density Formula

Density=Mass/Volume

Mass Formula

Mass=DensityxVolume