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Biological species
A group of populations whose members can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring
Morphological species
shape, size, general morphology
Ecological species
where found, what eat
Phylogenetic species
smallest group that share common ancestor
Prezygotic barrier
prevents the formation of a zygote
Postzygotic barrier
prevents the reproduction of an organism after the formation of a zygote
Types of prezygotic barriers
Habitat (different habitats), temporal (different breeding times), behavioral (different courtship rituals), mechanical (incompatible reproductive parts), gametic (incompatible gametes)
Types of postzygotic barriers
Reduced hybrid vitality (short-lived), reduced hybrid fertility (sterile), hybrid breakdown (fertile hybrids with sterile offspring)
Speciation
how a new kind of plant or animal species is created
Allopatric speciation
population is separated into two groups and undergo selection differently
Sympatric speciation
a sudden genetic change that causes a population to not view one another as mates
