Active transport: Cell biology: Biology: GCSE (9:1)

Active transport

The movement of substances against a concentration gradient using energy

Diffusion

The movement of substances from a higher concentration to a lower concentration

Concentration gradient

The difference in concentration of a substance

Against the concentration gradient

The movement of substances from a lower concentration to a higher concentration

Mineral ions

Charged particles needed for healthy plant growth

Sugar molecules

Molecules needed for cell respiration

Cell respiration

The release of energy from molecules

Root hair cells

Plant cells which use active transport to absorb mineral ions

Cells lining the gut

Animal cells which use active transport to absorb sugar molecules

Active process

A process that requires energy

Passive process

A process such as diffusion or osmosis that does not require energy

Dilute mineral ions

The mineral ion concentration found in the soil

Concentrated mineral ions

The mineral ion concentration found in plant tissues

Mitochondria

Where energy is released from respiration and can be used for active transport