Chapter 1: Intro to Psychology

Define psychology

the scientific study of behavior and the physiological and cognitive processes that underlie it

What did G. Stanley Hall do?

established the first American research lab

Who are the founders of Psychology?

Wilhelm Wundt and William James

Who studied underneath Wundt?

G. Stanley Hall

Define structuralism

understanding the conscious experience through introspection

Who created structuralism?

Edward Titchener

Define functionalism

focused on how mental activities helped an organism adapt to its environment

Who created functionalism?

William James

Define psychoanalytic theory

focuses on the role of the unconscious in affecting conscious behavior

Who created psychoanalytic theory?

Sigmund Freud

Define gestalt psychology

focuses on humans as a whole rather than individual parts

Who created gestalt psychology?

Wertheimer, Koffka, Kohler

Define behavorism

focuses on observing and controlling behavior

Who created behaviorism?

Pavlov, Watson, Skinner

Define humanism

emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans

Who created humanism?

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers

What disciplinary perspectives emerged in the 1950s?

linguistics, neuroscience, and computer science

What factors influenced the cognitive revolution?

Tolman & Cognitive Maps; Chomsky & Language Development; The Digital Computer

What does APA stand for?

American Psychological Association

What does APS stand for?

Association for Psychological Science