Psyc.-2301-Raquel Henry, Ph.D

Which of the following favored humans who chose to associate with other humans, and is thereby responsible for much of the social behavior we observe today?

Early evolutionary pressures

Joe's best friend has applied for many jobs and received a few

interviews, but has not had one job offer yet. Joe believes that due to the current economy, finding a job may take his friend some time. His belief is an example of........

situational attribution

What causes us to view a person's behavior as the result of this or her disposition, even when the behavior can be completely

explained by strong situational factors?

correspondence bias

After graduating from law school, Kayla failed the bar exam

the first time around, but received the job offer she wanted.

Her classmates passed the bar exam, but many remained

unemployed six months later. Kayla viewed her job offer as a fluke, but felt that the failure on the bar exam accurately

reflected her true abilities. According to Seligman, Kayla likely suffers from.....

depression

A murder would be described as having a situational rather

than a dispositional basis in which country?

Korea

When participants viewed faces from their own racial group in a study, what happened?

Activity in the amygdala was lower than when they viewed

faces from another racial group.

The biological and evolutionary processes that are involved

with in-groups/out-group differentiation........

do not make prejudice inevitable or acceptable

Which of the following is likely to be most effective in reducing prejudice among two groups?

Increased contact between people of similar social standing in

the groups

A positive or negative evaluation that predisposes behavior to-ward and object, person, or situation is called a (n)........

attitude

Michelle has always preferred standard, run-of-the-mill milk

chocolate; that is, until her sister encouraged her to try an org-anic, 72% cacao, imported Belgian dark chocolate. Now, she

believes that she has eaten the "wrong" kind of chocolate most of her life. Which element of her attitude does this most

reflect?

Cognition

Jona's parents are very liberal in their politics and social

attitudes. Whenever Jonah expresses a highly conservative po-sition, his parents react by talking with each other rather than

to him. Their attempted method of shaping Jonah's beliefs illu-strates.......

operant coditioning

People are more likely to be persuaded by a message delivered by someone........

with whom they share some similarity

Which form of communication is typically most effective in transmitting a persuasive message?

face-to-face communication

Advertisers direct much advertising towards children and groc-ery stores place products appealing to children on lower

shelves. Why?

Children are more likely than adults to respond to persuasive

arguments emotionally rather than logically.

Complying with a request from and authority figure is called

obedience

Grace is serving on a jury for the first time. She entered the

jury room with a dollar amount in mind for damages but, following deliberations, she agreed to a significantly higher

number. This is an example of ..............

group polarization

People tend to choose friends and romantic partners.......

who are similar in race, ethnicity, religion, values, education and age

What is the dominant factor in romantic attraction?

physical appearance

Sandra and Derek have always had some friction in their relationship. Early on, they called it passion. After twelve years of marriage, it seems that their negative interactions now exceed their positive ones. What does this suggest?

The likelihood that the relationship will end has increased.

Regarding infidelity in a relationship women are most distressed by ......

becoming emotionally involved with another

In the "tit-for-tat" strategy, your first move is to......

cooperate

Why might being a cooperator provide a survival advantage?

Having a reputation for cooperating can motivate others to cooperate with that person

In Koscik and Tranel's study regarding the Trust Game, the participants most likely to increase the amount of money they gave a partner when the partner had decreased or not change his contribution were those............

with damage to the amygdala

Which of the following examples does not fit an evolutionary model to account for altruistic behavior?

altruism is transmitted by a culture through learning

What was the researchers' finding in a study comparing brain activity in murderers who had experienced neglect and abuse compared to murderers who had not experienced neglect or abuse?

Te brain activity of the neglected and abused murderers was quite similar to the non-violent control participants.

Over 200 Texas women are killed each year as a result of family violence

false

In human trafficking, there are people from the U.S. who get sent to other countries to work as prostitutes.

true

In human trafficking, many people who come to this country are forced to work only as prostitutes.

false

In Human Trafficking, many people are beholden to the trafficker as their family may be hurt if they don't pay them back.

true

If you need help, it is more likely that you will get help if there are more people around than if there are fewer people around.

false

In Milgram's study they found that most volunteers would go with their morals and not punish subjects just because Milgram told them to push the electric shock button

false

T.J. feels that certain dogs growl and want to attack him because they are racist. This is an example of........

discrimination

You had a bad experience with a short, hyper teacher when you were in elementary school, You walked in the first day of class, saw me and thought, oh no! This is an example of:

stereotyping