Modern Architecture & Design

Monumental industrial building, steel frame expressed, glass infill, temple-like proportions

Peter Behrens — AEG Turbine Factory

Glass curtain walls wrapping corners, light-filled factory, brick piers

Walter Gropius — Fagus FactoryA landmark in modernist architecture, featuring innovative use of glass and brick to create an open, airy environment.

White boxes, flat roofs, ribbon windows, pinwheel housing layout

Walter Gropius — Bauhaus functionalism, community, mass production, and modern education

Floating roof planes, marble/onyx walls, open plan, reflecting pools

Mies van der Rohe — Barcelona Pavilion (1929) — Free plan, luxury minimalism, Alba

Open glass living room, steel columns, modern domestic interior

Mies van der Rohe — Tugendhat House (1930) — Modern living, flexible space

Glass box in nature, elevated on pilotis, extreme minimalism

Mies van der Rohe — Farnsworth House (1951) — Universal space, human vs. nature

Huge open interior, no columns inside, steel frame outside

Mies van der Rohe — Crown Hall (1956) — Universal flexible space

Bronze curtain wall skyscraper, plaza setback

Mies van der Rohe — Seagram Building (1958) — Corporate modernism

Rectilinear black steel-and-glass building

Mies van der Rohe — MLK Jr. Library (1972, DC) — Late modern minimalism

White volumes, ramps, controlled movement

Le Corbusier — Villa La Roche–Jeanneret (1925) — Promenade architecturale

White box on pilotis, ribbon windows, roof garden

Le Corbusier — Villa Savoye (1931) — Five Points of Architecture

Massive concrete housing block, colorful balconies

Le Corbusier — Unité d’Habitation (1952) — Brutalism; collective living

Sculptural curved walls, thick roof, small windows

Le Corbusier — Ronchamp (1954) — Emotional, sculptural modernism

Solid concrete exterior, central interior space

Frank Lloyd Wright — Unity Temple (1908) — Early reinforced concrete

Strong horizontal lines, cantilevered roofs, brick Prairie style

Frank Lloyd Wright — Robie House (1910) — Prairie house; open plan

L-shaped plan, modest scale, indoor–outdoor connection

Frank Lloyd Wright — Jacobs House (1936) — Usonian housing

Concrete cantilevers over waterfall, stone walls

Frank Lloyd Wright — Fallingwater (1939) — Organic architecture

White spiral ramp, sculptural museum

Frank Lloyd Wright — Guggenheim Museum (1959) — Continuous spatial experience

Fully transparent glass pavilion, minimal structure

Philip Johnson — Glass House (1949) — Pavilion living; Mies influence

Narrow modern townhouse façade

Philip Johnson — Rockefeller Guest House (1950) — Urban modernism

Concrete arches, monumental museum form

Philip Johnson — Kreeger Museum (1968) — Late modern monumentality

Concrete walls, indoor–outdoor living, communal plan

Rudolph Schindler — Schindler Chase House (1922) — Early California modernism

Exposed concrete frames, beachfront setting

Rudolph Schindler — Lovell Beach House (1926) — Structural expression

Flat roofs, desert setting, glass walls

Richard Neutra — Kaufmann House (1947) — Climate-responsive modernism

Steel frame, glass walls, LA hillside view

Pierre Koenig — Stahl House (1960) — Case Study program

Steel frame, colorful panels, living + working space

Charles & Ray Eames — Eames House (1949) — Playful prefabrication