BIOL 014 Ion Gradients, Ion Channel Structure

\[Na+\] outside the cell is ___ \[Na+\] inside the cell.

greater than

\[K+\] outside the cell is ___ \[K+\] inside the cell.

less than

\[Ca2+\] outside the cell is ___ \[Ca2+\] inside the cell.

greater than

\[Cl-\] outside the cell is ___ \[Cl-\] inside the cell.

greater than

structural feature of ion channels responsible for ion selectivity

amino acid sequence of 4 pore loops

structural feature of ion channels responsible for voltage sensing and activation

s4 transmembrane regions

general structure of Na+ and Ca2+ channels

4 highly homologous domains

general structure of K+ channels

4 distinct yet homologous subunits

structural feature of Na+ channels responsible for inactivation

inactivation loop

structural feature of K+ channels responsible for inactivation

amino acid cluster (“ball and chain”)