Totalitarianism and WWII

Beneto Mussolini

Fascist leader of Italy during WWII

Adolf Hitler

German Nazi Fascist leader during World War II (1889-1945)

Hideki Tojo

Prime minister of Japan during World War II

Emperor Hirohito

Emperor of Japan during WWII. His people viewed him as a god.

Joseph Stalin

Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)

Neville Chamberlain

Great British prime minister during WWII, who advocated peace and a policy of appeasement

Winston Churchill

Prime Minister of Great Britain during WWII

Franklin D. Roosevelt

President of the US during Great Depression and World War II

Totalitarianism

A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

Fascism

A political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and no tolerance of opposition

Mein Kampf

'My Struggle' by Hitler, later became the basic book of Nazi goals and ideology, reflected obsession

Weimer Republic

The democratic party in Germany after WWI allowed the rise of Fascist Dictators.

Rearmament

To build up a military after a period of weakness or low military spending

Anti-Semitism

Hostility to or prejudice against Jews.

Gestapo

Nazi secret police

Kristallnacht

(Night of the Broken Glass) November 9, 1938, when mobs throughout Germany destroyed Jewish property and terrorized Jews.

Nuremberg Laws

Placed severe restrictions of Jews, prohibited from marrying non- Jews, attending schools or universities, holding government jobs, practicing law or medicine or publishing books.

Appeasement

A policy of making concessions to an aggressor in the hopes of avoiding war. Associated with Neville Chamberlain's policy of making concessions to Adolf Hitler.

Munich Conference

European leaders attempted to appease Hitler by turning over the Sudetenland to him in exchange for promise that Germany would not expand Germany's territory any further.

Blitzkrieg

"Lighting war", typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939

Axis Powers

Germany, Italy, Japan

Allied Powers

Great Britain, France, Italy, Russia, and later the US

Non Aggression Pact

1939-Secret agreement between German leader Hitler and Soviet Leader Stalin not to attack one another and to divide Poland

Pearl Harbor

United States military base on Hawaii that was bombed by Japan, bringing the United States into World War II. Pearl Harbor was attacked on December 7, 1941.

Final Solution

Hitler's program of systematically killing the entire Jewish people

Holocaust

the Nazi program of exterminating Jews under Hitler

Genocide

Deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group

Human Rights Violation

Violations against people's civil rights and liberties by governments

War Crimes

an action carried out during the conduct of a war that violates accepted international rules of war.

Nuremberg Trails

Trails for Germans who committed crimes against humanity during the Holocaust.

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Two Japanese cities on which the U.S. dropped the atomic bombs to end World War II.

United Nations

An international organization formed after WWII to promote international peace, security, and cooperation.

How did the Treaty of Versailles contribute to the rise of totalitarian dictators and World War II?

It created a economic depression in Germany by Germany paying reparations and not having the money to pay them. Fascist leaders came in made simple changes to the economy by defying the Treaty of Versailles.

Explain why many democratic governments failed during the 1930s?

The combination of depression, the rise of authoritarian government vs weak governments, and international pressures contributed to the failure of several democratic governments.

Describe the causes of World War II?

-the rise of Hitler

-Treaty of Versailles

-the rise of fascism in Italy

-German and Japanese expansionism

-Economic depression

-Appeasement

-Militarism

-Extreme Nationalism

Describe the global impact of World War II?

- Territorial Changes

- Democracy vs Communism

- Economic War (Capitalism vs Command Economies)

- Cold War (USA vs USSR)

- Decolonizing the World

- United Nations creations

Explain the intended goals of the creation of the United Nations?

It was created so countries had a place to come talk about problems they were having to help avoid war. If war broke out the UN could send military troops in to impose UN sanctions.