Key Concepts in Cardiovascular Physiology and Metabolism

This set of flashcards covers critical concepts in cardiovascular physiology, metabolic pathways, and blood pressure regulation.

What is the optimum range of BMI?

18.5 to 24.9

What is the main anaerobic source of ATP?

Phosphocreatine and Anaerobic Glycolysis

When an athlete hits the wall, which fuel has been depleted?

Glycogen

What can a person manipulate in their diet to maximize glycogen storage?

Eating more carbs and using less of the carbs we have stored

What is one source of aerobic metabolism?

Carbohydrates and fats

What is the first heart sound (S1)?

AV (Bicuspid and Tricuspid) valves closing and semilunar valves opening.

What is the second heart sound (S2)?

SL (Aortic and Pulmonary) valves closing and opening of AV valves.

What is the normal blood pressure reading for adults?

120/80 mmHg.

What does blood pressure tell us?

How forceful our heart is trying to work.

What procedure is performed using a stethoscope to listen to heart sounds?

Auscultation.

What are the main areas where heart sounds are assessed?

Aortic, Pulmonic, Mitral, and Tricuspid Areas.

What is the driving pressure in the cardiovascular system?

The force that drives blood through the blood vessels.

What factors affect peripheral resistance?

Diameter of the blood vessel and viscosity of blood.

What is the equation for mean arterial pressure (MAP)?

DBP + (⅓ * Pulse Pressure).

What is cardiac output?

The amount of blood pumped by the heart.

What is the role of the veins in the cardiovascular system?

To bring blood back to the heart.

Where is the heart situated?

In the Thoracic Cavity.

What is the pericardial cavity?

The direct membrane around the heart.

What happens to blood pressure when blood vessels dilate?

Blood pressure decreases.

What happens to blood pressure when blood volume constricts?

Blood pressure increases.