Tv terminolgy

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tv terms

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36 Terms

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Aspect Ratio

the ratio of the width of the TV screen to its height

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Audio Console

The place of equipment used to gather, mix, and amplify sounds before sending them to their next destination

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Back time

The process of timing a piece of audio or video so that it can be started at a precise time & end at the proper time

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Black

A synchronized video signal that contains no picture info, aka black screen

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Blocking

The planning of movement & positioning of talent and production equipment

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Bus

The mixing bar that connects the buttons representing the various video inputs on the switcher

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BUST

A term used to immediately stop production & reset to the beginning

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Character CG

Special effects generator that electronically produces graphics or animation directly on the TV screen or keyed on a background picture

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Chrominance

The color of a video signal

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Camera control units (CCU)

Electronic control equipment that is used to regulate all the engineering functions, such as luminance & chrominance, on each camera

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Color bars

An electronically generated pattern of vertical color strips that can be used to standardize & calibrate & calibrate the color values of all cameras & monitors

Red, Blue, Green, Yellow, Cyan, Magenta

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Contrast ratio

the relationship of the brightness area to the darkest area in a shot

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Crop

To cut off the edges or border of a picture

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Cue

To prep audio or video sources for a precise start time, OR to signal start, pause, or stop any production activity or talent action

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Cut

An instantaneous change from 1 video source to another

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Cyc or Cyclorama

A large, continuous, smooth backing, usually made of fabric that may cover 2 or 3 walls of a studio

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Dissolve

A simultaneous fading out of one picture or source while fading into another picture or source.

A temporary overlapping of 2 images

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Fade video

In the video, the gradual appearance of a picture source from black, or the disappearance of black using a fader bar

(Fade in, Fade out)

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Fade audio

In audio, the gradual increase increase or decrease of sound volume

(Fade up music, Fade out music)

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Floor Plan

A diagram of the arrangement of the set, curtains, or other background background, props, etc

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Frame

To fill the picture w/ meaningful, aesthetically pleasing composition

Also, a complete scanning cycle every 1/30th of a second.  it represents the smallest complete television unit.

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Headroom

Space between the top of the subject’s head & the upper edge of the camera

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HOT

Refers to a camera or mic that is up and live

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(IFB)

Interrupted feedback system: an earpiece used to communicate with talent

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Intercom

A closed-circuit audio network connecting all production with/personnel with headsets

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Key

An electronic effect that cuts in an image over a background image

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Luminance

The brightness of a video signal

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Mixing

Combing two or more sound or video sound or video sources in the specific proportions

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Preview Bus

Rows of buttons that can direct an input to the preview monitor while another video source is on air

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Program Bus

The bus on the switcher whose inputs are directly switched to the line out

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Script

The written guidelines containing dialog or voice-over information that the TV program uses

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Strike

To dismantle & return to storage all elements of a production

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Switcher

A video mixing panel that consists of a selection of buttons that allow the selection & mixing of incoming video signals to form the final program picture.

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Tally Light

An indicator light on a camera shows that the camera is hot & on the air

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VTO

Video Tape Operator

Holdover name from when the recording was on tape.

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Zoom Lens

Variable focal length lens that can change from a wide shot to a close-up, or the reverse, in one continuous move.