Synovial Joints

What are the key components of a synovial joint?

The key components are synovial fluid, synovial membrane, articular cartilage, joint capsule, bursa, and ligaments.

What is the role of synovial fluid in a synovial joint?

It lubricates the joints, reducing friction and providing nutrients.

What is the function of the joint capsule?

It holds bones in place and protects the joints.

Describe the movement capabilities of a ball and socket joint.

It allows for flexion, extension, medial rotation, lateral rotation, adduction, abduction, and circumduction.

What movement does a hinge joint primarily allow?

Movement in a single plane, specifically flexion and extension.

What is an example of a condyloid joint?

The radiocarpal joint (wrist).

How does a gliding joint allow movement?

It allows movement over a flat surface in all directions, restricted by ligaments or bony prominence.

What is a pivot joint and where can it be found?

A pivot joint allows a moving bone to rotate within a ring formed by another bone and an adjoining ligament, such as the atlas and axis in the neck.

Describe the structure of a saddle joint.

It consists of convex and concave surfaces that interlock, allowing movement backwards, forwards, and side to side.

What is the importance of bursa in synovial joints?

Bursa are fluid-filled sacs that prevent friction between muscles, tendons, and bones.