5th page

what are the suboccipital muscles

system of deep muscles of the neck

where are the suboccitpital muscles located

between the first two vertebrae and the occipital bone

what muscles form the occipital triangle

the suboccipital muscles

what is this muscle

rectus capitas posterior major

insertion and origin of rectus capitas posterior major 

O ; spinous process of axis 

I: the inferior nuchal line of the occipital plane of the occipital bone 

movements of the rectus capitas posterior 

dorsal flexion of head (looking up to the ceiling - bi-lateral contraction both left and right rectus capitas posterior majors contract) 

lateroflexion and rotation of head to the side of contracted muscle (uni lateral contraction - only one side of muscle contracts) 

which nerve innervates the rectus capitas posterior major

suboccipital nerve

what muscle is this

rectus capitas posterior minor

whats the origin and insertion for the rectus capitas posterior minor

origin: the posterior tubercle of the atlas

insertion: the inferior nuchal line of the occipital plane of the occipital bone (medially to the rectus capitas posterior major )

functions of the rectus capitas posterior minor 

dorsal flexion of the head - bi lateral contraction and lateroflexion of head and rotation of head to the side of the contracted muscle - uni lateral contraction 

which nerve innervates the rectus capitas posterior minor

the suboccipital nerve

what muscle is this

oblique capitas superior

what is the origin and insertion of the oblique capitis superior 

O transverse process of atlas 

I Lateral part of inferior nuchal line of occipital plane of occipital bone 

functions of the oblique capitis superior

dorsal flexion - bi lateral contraction,

rotation to the opposite side of contracted muscle - unilateral contraction

innervation for oblique capitis superior?

suboccipital nerve

what muscle is this

the oblique capitis inferior

origin and insertion of the oblique capitis inferior

O: spinous process of axis (same as rectus capitis posterior major)

I: atlas transverse process (origin of the oblique capitis superior)

function of oblique capitis inferior

rotation of atlas (and head) to side of contracted muscle - unilateral contraction

innervation of oblique capitis inferior

suboccipital nerve

the superficial back muscles are covered by what

superficial fascia of the back.

where is the thoracombular fascia located 

deeply in the caudal part of the back 

and what origin of what muscle does it form,

forms the aponeurotic origin of the latissimus dorsi and lateral muscles of the abdominal wall

where does the middle layer of the thoracolumbar fascia develops from? 

horizontal myoseptum 

what does the middle layer of the thoracolumbar fascia form?

the borderline between the epaxial and hypaxial muscles

what does the superficial fascia of the back cover

the surface of the back (and superficial back muscles)

how is the superficial fascia formed

fusion of the fasciae of the muscles of the superficial layer

the superficial fascia is continuous with what? 

the superficial layer of the nuchal and cervical fasciae 

how many layers does the thoracolumbar fascia have and their names

3 layers

• anterior layer

• middle layer

• posterior layer

the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia is the aponeurotic origin of what muscle and covers which muscles?

aponeurotic origin of lattisimus dorsi and covers the deep layer of the back muscles

what membrane is the middle layer of the thoracolumbar fascia 

a firm aponeurotic membrane 

what type of muscles does the middle layer of the thoracolumbar fascia separate 

the deep back muscles from the quadratus lumborum 

where does the middle layer of the thoracolumbar fascia develop from

develops from the horizontal myoseptum

what does the anterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia cover ventrally

covers the quadratus lumborum