​Jacksonian Democracy History II Quest

Loyalty to the interests of one region (North, South, or West) rather than the nation as a whole

Sectionalism

War hero and 7th President of the United States who supported the common people, majority rule, and a strong executive branch

Andrew Jackson

6th President of the United States who became president after being chosen by the House of Representatives in 1824

John Quincy Adams

Andrew Jackson's claim that John Quincy Adams unfairly won the presidency in 1824 after Henry Clay supported him and was rewarded with Secretary of State

The Corrupt Bargain

A political movement that expanded democracy by increasing participation of the common people and supporting majority rule

Jacksonian Democracy

The practice of rewarding political supporters with government jobs

Spoils System

The nickname given by Southerners to the 1828 tariff that raised taxes on imported goods and hurt the Southern economy

Tariff of Abominations

Vice President under Andrew Jackson who strongly supported states' rights and the doctrine of nullification

John C. Calhoun

The belief that a state has the right to reject a federal law it believes is unconstitutional

Doctrine of Nullification

To withdraw from the Union; to leave the United States

Secede

The belief that states should have the power to make their own decisions without interference from the federal government

States' Rights

Approximately 27 percent of eligible voters participated in the election

Voter Turnout in 1824

Andrew Jackson won the popular vote but did not win a majority of the electoral vote

Election of 1824 Outcome

No candidate received a majority of electoral votes

Why the House Chose the President in 1824

Supported John Quincy Adams in the House of Representatives

Henry Clay's Role in 1824

Jackson believed the will of the people was ignored and the presidency was stolen

Why Jackson Was Angry About 1824

The Democratic-Republican Party split into Democrats and National Republicans

Result of the 1824 Election

Nasty and personal attacks were used by both sides

Campaigning in 1824

Extremely negative campaigning continued with personal attacks on both candidates

Election of 1828 Campaign

Died of a heart attack shortly after the election, and Jackson blamed the campaign attacks

What Happened to Rachel Jackson

About 58 percent, more than double the turnout in 1824

Voter Turnout in 1828

Andrew Jackson

Winner of the Election of 1828

To represent the common people and support majority rule

Jackson's Campaign Promise

By expanding political participation and reducing control by wealthy elites

How Jackson Redefined Democracy

Large crowds celebrated, causing chaos and damage inside the White House

Jackson's Inauguration

They were shocked and believed the dignity of the presidency was lowered

Reaction of Elites to Jackson's Presidency

Jackson believed it brought new ideas and broke elite control of government

What did Jackson believe to be the purpose of the Spoils System

It rewarded loyalty rather than experience or qualifications

Criticism of the Spoils System

Sale of public lands, internal improvements, and tariffs

Three Causes of Sectional Tension

They benefited Northern industry but hurt Southern farmers

Why Tariffs Caused Sectional Tension

Tariffs and the balance of power between state and federal government

Main Issue in the States' Rights Debate

They called it the Tariff of Abominations and considered secession

Southern Reaction to the 1828 Tariff

The doctrine of nullification

Calhoun's Solution to the Tariff Issue

Nullified the tariffs and threatened to secede

South Carolina's Response to Tariffs

He threatened to use force to enforce federal laws

Jackson's Response to Nullification

Henry Clay's compromise tariff lowered rates by 10 percent

How the Nullification Crisis Ended

South Carolina accepted the compromise and remained in the Union

Final Outcome of the Nullification Crisis

It showed sectional divisions and weakened political parties

Why the Election of 1824 Was Important

It highlighted the conflict between states' rights and federal authority

Why the Nullification Crisis Was Important

To preserve the Union and enforce federal law

Jackson's Goal During the Crisis

New Englanders supported John Quincy Adams; Southerners supported William Crawford and Andrew Jackson: Westerners supported Henrey Clay and Andrew Jackson

What political divisions appeared during the election of 1824

Democrat-Republicans

John Quincy Adams, and Andrew Jackson were from what political party?

Andrew Jackson

Democrats supported

John Quincy Adams

National Republicans supported

The privileged, wealthy Easterners.

John Quincy Adams represented ______

By expanding suffrage to all white men and the common people rather than just the elites.

How did Jacksonian democracy increase political participation