Lecture 5- monetary policy and the Phillips curve

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52 Terms

1

Diagram showing structure of the Short-run- Model

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2

Who sets the bank rate and what is it

The bank of England sets the Bank rate

And it is a nominal intrest rate that BoE charges banks to borrow funds

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3

What must match the central bank lendinf rate

Commercial banks borrowing from each other daily at the overnight rate

  • cannot charge a higher rate

  • Everyone would use the central bank

  • Banks cannot charge a lower rate

  • Everyone would borrow at the lower rate and lend back to the central bank at a a higher rate(arbitrage)

  • The lender would run out of resource quickly

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4

What is the fisher equation

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5

What are the sticky equation assumptions

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6

What does sticky inflation allow central banks to do

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7

What is the sophisticated version of the fisher equation

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8

What is the MP and the IS curve

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9

Show the MP curve in the IS-MP diagram

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10

When is the economy at its potential

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11

What happens if the central bank raises the interest rate

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12

What happens if the intrest rate is raised in the IS/MP diagram

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13

Diagram showing the ends of a housing bubble

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14

Graph showing the economy after a housing bubble

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15

For economic actors what are the most important rates

  • central banks controls the overnight interest rate

  • Most important is the market intrest rates

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16

Why is the market intrest rate different

-cost of commercial banks

-default risk

Duration of loans varies from 1 to 30 years

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17

Example question

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18

Answer words

Annualised intrest rates on investments of differential lengths should yeild the same returns

<p>Annualised intrest rates on investments of differential lengths should yeild the same returns</p>
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19

What is the term structure of interest rates and graph

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20

What is the inflation rate

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21

What do firms set their prices based on

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22

What is the Phillips curve equation with expected inflation and demand conditions

Then assuming adaptive expectations

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23

What do firms do according to this

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24

Using this equation define change in inflation and therefore express the Philips curve as

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25

What is the Philips curve equation graph

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26

What does the Philips curve equation look like when you add shocks o dash to the Philips curve

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27

What does inflation depend on

Expectations of inflation

Demand conditions

Shocks to inflation

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28

What is the effect of a change in the Phillips curve After an oil price shock

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29

What is cost push inflation driven by

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30

What is demand push inflation driven by

Changes in short-run output

Due to shocks to aggregate demand( C,I,G,EX-IM)

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31

Recap table

Quantity theory of money equation

Short run model

Mp curve

Iscurve

Phillips curve

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32
<p>Which is correct</p>

Which is correct

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33

History of inflation in the US table

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34

What does reducing the evil of inflation in the long run require and why

Tight monetary policy

<p>Tight monetary policy</p>
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35
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36

Is curve showing tightening monetary policy

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37

Phillips curve showing a recession and falling inflation

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38

Overall what is volcker disinflation

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39

Real intrest output and inflation rate graph showing disinflation over time

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40
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41

What was the great inflation of the 1970s and what was the three reasons

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42

Graph showing mistaking a slowdown in potential for a recession

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43

What is the money supply controlled by

Controlled by the central bank

  • vertical line at the desired level of money supply

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44

What is money demand

Households can either hold money (cash) or buy bonds that pay a nominal intrest rate i

Money demand decreases in i

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45

What is the nominal rate of money demand and what does the curve look like

Is the opportunity cost of holding money

Is downward sloping

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46

What does the money market equilibrium look like

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47

How does the central bank control the nominal interest rate

By supplying the money that is demanded at that rate

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48

What does the central banks controls the money supply through

To increase the money supply

To decrease the money supply

Open-market operations

<p>Open-market operations</p>
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49

Why I t instead of Mt

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50

Targeting the nominal intrest rates graph

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51

What is the Philips curve with rational expectations equation

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52

What is a soft landing one high inflation

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