APUSH Unit 4 People

Cult of Honor

White men who snared ideas of bravery, courage, and dignity in slave times, challenging each other to a dual.

Reason why Senator Preston Brookes of Massachusetts beat Senator Charles Sumner in retaliation to a comment he made about a relative.

Denmark Vesey

Slave leader who rallied 9000 slaves to conspire about revolt, but a snitch slave ratted them out and it was quickly thwarted.

Slaves were angry about their working environment and rose up against their masters

Gabriel Prosser

Slave leader who gathered 1000 rebellious slaves, but again snitch slaves gave away the plan

Nat Turner

Slave Leader who lead a gang of Slaves who could arm themselves with anything they could and rioted

Started the only successful slave revolt in the 1800’s

“Sambo”

The name given to head scratching, grinning, slaves who acted out the role that he recognized the white world expected of him

Paternalism at its finest, slaves were powerless so the only thing some could do was live the way their masters wanted them to

James B. D. De Bow

New Orleans Publisher who advocated for southern commercial and agricultural expansion

Published, De Bow’s Review, which advocated for southern economic independence from the north warning about “Colonial” relationships

“Plain Folk”

Modest Yeoman farmers, owned few slaves, and worked far closer to them than the large planters, with most owning no slaves

Devoted themselves to subsistence farming, were mainly slave sympathizers, who just tried to live day to day without greed

Hill People

Nonslaveowning people who actually opposed the planter elite, but lived in isolated areas near mountains. In the Appalachian, and the Ozarks

Slavery was unattractive to them because it was appealing in the north, and it threatened their sense of their own independence.

Charles Sumner

Massachusetts Senator who was beat with a cane during a debate down in South Carolina in 1856

Preston Brooks

SC Representative who beat Charles Sumner during a debate in 1856

Native American Parties

A group of people with large amounts of prejudice towards immigrants in 1837.

Increased prejudice for immigrants but nationalism as well.

The “Know-Nothings”

Strict code of secrecy for the Nativist parties, which included a secret password for others, used in lodges across the United States, with it being “I know nothing”. Members of the Unit became the Know nothings

Samuel FB Morse

The first person to send a telegraph and also the inventor of the electromagnetic telegraph system.

Main Innovator of communication between large distances, allowing ease of press and journalism all over American and even the world.

Associated Press

Guild of newspaper publishers around the world to promote the cooperative news gathering by wire, no longer relying on newspapers

Also allowed the ease of information between large distances, spanning even countries and continents.

Thomas A. Eddison

American serial inventor and almost single handedly stimulated the technological revolution in America with his many patents and inventions. (that he may or may not have stolen)

Garnered 1300 Patents, with his most famous being the electric voting machine (1869), the phonograph (1879), and the Radio (1891)

Horace Greeley

American newspaper editor and publisher who was the founder and editor of the New-York Tribune in 1841.

Richard Hoe

American inventor who developed and manufactured the first successful rotary printing press in 1843.

Craft Unions

National trade unions made up of similar entrepreneurs that combined for various advantages.

Were declared unlawful, with the combination of workers being viewed as a conspiracy that was harmful to the businesses.

The Urban Poor

People in urban areas that struggled to sustain themselves, as some of them had debilitating illnesses and other problems that made them unfit for work. Others include blatant prejudice as well.

Direct result of Nativist movements across America. Most were immigrants or freed African Americans who couldn’t find work.

Frederick Law Olmsted + Calvert Vaux

a pioneering pair of landscape architects who collaborated on some of America's most iconic urban parks, including New York's Central Park and Brooklyn's Prospect Park, as well as the interconnected Buffalo park system

P.T. Barnum

American showman, businessman, and politician remembered for promoting celebrated hoaxes and founding with James Anthony Bailey the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus

The Middle Class

Mainly consists of people who work in white-collar professions, run small businesses, or are in skilled trades.

Cult of Domesticity

Women, who were reduced to a submissive, maternal role in households, with men holding more power even in court of law and the government.

Cyrus McCormick

Guy who invented the Mechanical plow

Sarah Bagley

created the Female Labor Reform Association in 1845

Nicholas Biddle

President of the Second national bank from 1823-1836. An enemy of Democrats during the bank war.

______ vs Jackson; called “Czar Nicholas” by opposing party

Daniel Webster

Conservative delegate who opposed democratic changes that “Power naturally and necessarily follows property”.

Defended the rights of the people’s property against the reforms made at the Massachusetts convention.

Whig Party

Anti-Jacksonian group, merchants, manufacturers, more wealthy people

Encouraged Professional development, embraced progress and westward expansion

Martin Van Buren

The Creator of the dissident political faction (known as the Bucktails, or the Albany Regency). And became President after Jackson (appointed by him; didn’t live up to expectations.)

Albany vs bucktail; Panic of 1837

Alexander McLeod

Canadian Rebel during the Caroline Affair, arrested and charged with Murder after the burning.

Responsible for the Foreign affair that resulted in the death of an American and increased animosity between Canada, the U.S and England.

Lord Palmerston

Canadian secretary who demanded McLeod’s release from American captivity, saying that his execution would lead to an “Intimidating and frightful" war.

Argued for the release of McLeod, one of the Canadian rebels a part of the Caroline affair.

John Tyler

The Accidental president; became President after William Henry Harrison died after 21 days

Thomas W. Dorr

Rhode-Islander who wanted a reform of the constitution and later formed his own government.

Democrats

Jacksonian Friends; symbol became the donkey because of Jackson’s stubborn nature

Now, the oldest American political party. The Republican party was formed with Lincoln in 1854.

“Five Civilized Tribes”

Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, Chickasaw, Choctaw

Sent away by the trail of tears

Roger B. Taney

5th Chief Justice of the United States after John Marshall. Appointed by Jackson and was a trusted ally.

Didn’t do as much as Marshall, but helped modify Marshall’s nationalism.