Chapter 9: Models of Chemical Bonding

Vocabulary flashcards based on the key concepts and definitions from the lecture on chemical bonding.

Ionic Bonding

A type of chemical bond formed through the transfer of electrons from metals to nonmetals, resulting in the formation of ions.

Covalent Bonding

A type of chemical bond formed when nonmetals share electrons.

Metallic Bonding

A type of chemical bond characterized by the delocalization of electrons among a lattice of metal atoms, often referred to as the 'sea of electrons'.

Lewis Dot Structures

Diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist.

Octet Rule

The principle that atoms tend to bond in such a way that they each have eight electrons in their valence shell, resembling the electron configuration of a noble gas.

Lattice Energy

The amount of energy released when gaseous ions combine to form an ionic solid; a measure of the strength of the forces between the ions.

Electronegativity

A measure of the tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons; higher values indicate a stronger attraction.

Endothermic Process

A process that requires the absorption of heat; often associated with breaking bonds within molecules.

Exothermic Process

A process that releases heat; typically associated with bond formation.

Polar Covalent Bonds

Chemical bonds between two different electronegative atoms, resulting in unequal sharing of electrons and a partial charge.

Empirical Formula

A formula that shows the simplest whole-number ratio of elements in a compound, rather than the actual number of atoms.