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Folk Dance with Asian Influence Folk Dance ts a form of dance developed by a group of people that reflects the traditional life of a certain country or region. Usually associated with social activities Are usually danced at social gatherings (which can be formed spontaneously or during yearly celebrations) that can but are not required to have a particular dancing stage and are almost always so simple to dance, that new dancers and amateurs are encouraged to start dancing with everyone else. It is a true reflection of daily life in past centuries while enchanting modern audiences at the same time. The oldest form of dance and the earliest form of communication. Classification of Philippine Folk Dances 1. Occupational Dances • Are performed to depict the work or the day-to-day activities of a community. Some dances may include moves imitating the pulling of rice stalks or catching fish Example: A. Gaway-Gaway - Is a dance depicting the harvesting of crops. B. Bendian This circle dance of the Cordilleran's particularly Benguet, Mountain Province, Kalinga, and Apayao is restaged, keeping true to the dance's context and meaning. It is performed for many reasons. Some of which are to heat a prolonged illness, relieve natural calamities such as famine and drought, and celebrate a bountiful harvest. However, the biggest Bendian is to celebrate a victory in war and a successful headhunt. 2. Courtship or Wedding dances Are usually performed by singles or newlyweds together with the relatives of the bride or groom. Some of the movements may involve flirting or depictions of love. Example: Carinosa 3. Festival dances Are performed during fiestas as a thanksgiving ritual for a bountiful harvest or good fortune. Mostly colorful costumes are used. Example: A. Ati-atihan A dance by the Ati people of Kalibo Aklan is a festive thanksgiving for the lowland people's generosity in helping them from famine. B. Bangus Festival or Gilon-Gilon The festival is held in the beautiful city of Dagupan in the province of Pangasinan. The festival is held in celebration of the city's thriving aquaculture, specializing in bangus or milkfish. 4. Animal or Imitative Dances Dances used for entertainment. The dance movements imitate a specific animal. Example: A. Tinkling bird-tikling It is a famous folk dance for its bird-like movements.

Here’S A Summary Highlighting The Key Points: ### Pre-Colonial Period: - **Literary Forms**: Focus On The **Great Hero And Supernatural** Themes. Includes **Stories Of Gods And Goddesses**, **Riddles (Bugtong)**, **Proverbs**, **Folktales**, **Folksongs**, **Epics**, **Legends**, And **Myths**. ### Spanish Period (1565-1898): - **Colonization Began In 1565** Under Miguel Lopez De Legazpi. - **Spanish Language** Became The Main Literary Language; Catholicism Replaced Existing Traditions. - First Book Printed: **Doctrina Christiana** By Fr. Juan De Palencia (Tagalog) And Fr. Domingo Nieva (Spanish). - **Spanish Influences**: Religious Works Like *Ang Barlaan At Josaphat*, *Pasiong Mahal*, And Theatrical Forms Like **Sinakulo**, **Zarzuela**, And **Balagtasan**. - **Popular Writers**: - **Jose Rizal** (*Noli Me Tangere*, *El Filibusterismo*). - **Emilio Jacinto** (Wrote Political Works In Native Language). - **Andres Bonifacio** (*Ang Pag-Ibig Sa Tinubuang Lupa*). - **Common Literary Forms**: Until The 19th Century, The Religious Orders Controlled Printing Presses. The **Propaganda Movement** Emerged As A Reform Group. ### American Period (1898-1946): - **Free Public Education** Was Introduced, With English As The Medium Of Instruction. - Philippine Literature Became **Imitative Of American Models**. - **Key Writers**: - **Paz Marquez Benitez** (*Dead Stars*). - **Manuel E. Arguilla**, **Francisco Arcellana**, **N.V.M. Gonzalez**, **Jose Garcia Villa**. ### Japanese Period (1941-1945): - **Philippine Literature Development Was Halted**. There Was No Freedom Of Speech Or Press, And **English Newspapers Were Banned**. - Writers Began Using **Filipino**, And The Themes Focused On **Nationalism, Country, And Life In The Barrios**. - **Notable Writers**: **Salvador Lopez**, **Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero**, **Carlos Bulosan**, **Nick Joaquin**, And Others. ### Republic Period (1946-1985): - **Post-War Literature** Was Dominated By **Writers Educated In The Us Or England**. - Filipino Writers Were Exposed To **Western Trends** Through Programs Like The **Fulbright Program**. - **Notable Writers**: **N.V.M. Gonzales**, **Edilberto K. Tiempo**, **Nick Joaquin**, **Bienvenido Santos**. - **Literary Pieces**: *Without Seeing The Dawn* By **Stevan Javellana**, *Luha Ng Buwaya* By **Amado V. Hernandez**, *May Day Eve* By **Nick Joaquin**. ### Contemporary Period (1986-Present): - This Era Saw **Activism And Literary Revolution**. Writers Addressed Issues Like **Martial Law And Repression**. - **Youth Rebellion** And Mass Revolution Were Common Themes. **Oral Literature** Thrived Among Ethnic Communities. - The **Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards** Continue To Honor Literary Excellence Since 1950. This Note Outlines The Significant Literary Developments And Figures Across Different Periods In Philippine History.

Unit 2: Music Fundamentals II: Minor Scales and Key Signatures, Melody, Timbre, and Texture