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Finding Nemo A1
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bio chapter 5 NSMO
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bio chapter 4 NSMO
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bio 3 chapter NSMO
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bio 2 chapter NSMO
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bio 1 chapter NSMO
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intro - Namo Tassa
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Nemo sales
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NEMO Medical
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NSO Ch-3: Plants
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Chapter 5 Vocabulary Quiz #1 Nouns: cura, curae, f. care, anxiety exemplum, exempli, n. example, model sapientia, sapientiae, f. wisdom terra, terrae, f. land, earth, soil; country Verbs: iacto, iactare, iactavi, iactatus to throw sum, esse, fui, futurus to be, exist Adjectives aeger, aegra, aegrum sick, weak altus, alta, altum high, deep bonus, bona, bonum good divinus, divina, divinum divine, of the gods; prophetic liber, libera, liberum free Quiz #2: longus, longa, longum long magnus, magna, magnum large, great malus, mala, malum bad meus, mea, meum my, mine multus, multa, multum much; many (pl.) noster, nostra, nostrum our, ours parvus, parva, parvum small primus, prima, primum first pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum beautiful, handsome; fine tuus, tua, tuum your, yours, your own (sg) vester, vestra, vestrum your, yours (pl) Prepositions: cum (+abl) with sub (+abl) under, beneath sub (+acc) to the foot/base of, along under (implying motion) Chapter 4 Vocabulary Please note that all long marks (macrons) must be memorized!e, ex Quiz #1 Nouns: factum, facti, n. deed, act, exploit, achievement oculus, oculi, m. eye saxum, saxi, n. rock, stone; cliff verbum, verbi, n. word via, viae, f. road; way Verbs: ambulo, ambulare, ambulavi, ambulaturus to walk erro, errare, erravi, erratus to wander; err festino, festinare, festinavi, festinatus to hurry, hasten Quiz #2: navigo, navigare, navigavi, navigatus to sail sedeo, sedēre, sēdi, sessurus to sit Adverbs: facile easily non not saepe often semper always tandem finally tum then, at that time; next Prepositions: a, ab (+abl) away from ad (+acc) to, toward e, ex (+abl) out of, from in (+abl) in, on in (+acc) into, onto, against post (+acc) behind, after pro (+abl) in front of; on behalf of; instead of trans (+acc) across Chapter 3 Vocabulary Please note that all long marks (macrons) must be memorized! Quiz #1 Nouns: arma, armorum, n. (pl) arms, weapons caelum, caeli, n. sky, heavens cena, cenae, f. dinner dea, deae, f. goddess dat. pl. and abl. pl. = deabus deus, dei, m. god nom. pl. = di; dat. pl. and abl. pl. = dis fabula, fabulae, f. story filius, filii, m. (voc. sing = fili) son imperium, imperii, n. command, (military) power liber, libri, m. book nemo, m./f. no one acc. sing. = neminem pontus, ponti, m. sea, ocean Romulus, Romuli, m. Romulus (legendary founder of Rome) Quiz #2: silva, silvae, f. forest, wood templum, templi, n. temple, shrine turba, turbae, f. crowd ventus, venti, m. wind, breeze Verbs: aedifico, aedificare, aedificavi, aedificatus to build do, dare, dedi, datus to give impleo, implēre, implevi, impletus to fill, fill up; complete monstro, monstrare, monstravi, monstratus to show, demonstrate narro, narrare, narravi, narratus to tell (a story) paro, parare, paravi, paratus to prepare porto, portare, portavi, portatus to carry, bring pugno, pugnare, pugnavi, pugnatus to fight Chapter 2 Vocabulary Please note that all long marks (macrons) must be memorized! Quiz #1 Nouns: ager, agri, m. (cultivated) field; countryside amicus, amici, m. friend animus, animi, m. mind, spirit, courage; soul bellum, belli, n. war casa, casae, f. house, hut consilium, consilii, n. plan, advice dominus, domini, m. master, lord donum, doni, n. gift, present locus, loci, m. place, position (in pl. sometimes also neuter) luna, lunae, f. moon natura, naturae, f. nature puer, pueri, m. boy Quiz #2: puella, puellae, f. girl regnum, regni, n. kingdom, royal power vir, viri, m. man; occasionally “husband” Verbs: audeo, audēre, ausus sum to dare clamo, clamare, clamavi, clamatus to shout dubito, dubitare, dubitavi, dubitatus to hesitate, doubt rideo, ridēre, risi, risus to laugh, laugh at soleo, solēre, solitus sum to be accustomed Coordinating Conjunctions: et and et...et both...and -que (translate to the left of word it’s added to) and sed but Chapter 1 Vocabulary Quiz #1 Nouns agricola, agricolae, m. farmer aqua, aquae, f. water femina, feminae, f. woman fortuna, fortunae, f. chance, luck, fortune nauta, nautae, m. sailor pecunia, pecuniae, f. money, property rosa, rosae, f. rose Verbs amo, amare, amavi, amatus to love debeo, debēre, debui, debitus “ought to, should;” to owe; to be obligated to habeo, habēre, habui, habitus to have; consider iaceo, iacēre, iacui, iaciturus to lie (e.g. on the ground) Quiz #2 iuvo, iuvare, iuvi, iutus to help; please laboro, laborare, laboravi, laboratus to work, strive laudo, laudare, laudavi, laudatus to praise moneo, monēre, monui, monitus to advise, warn, remind opto, optare, optavi, optatus to choose, desire, wishfor supero, superare, superavi, superatus to overcome, conquer, surpass taceo, tacēre, tacui, taciturus to be silent (“I am silent
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Vocab Nemo
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Finding Nemo Jr. Gill que lines
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O2 O3 X2 H2O2 NaOCl CrO3 or any Cr2 PCC KMnO4 OsO4 Ag2O HClO4 HIO4 Reducing Agents H2 Li Na K NaBH4 LiAlH4 Reduction of alkynes to trans alkenes Na and liq. NH3 (sometimes with EtOH) Two Hs added to opposite sides of alkene Reduction of Alkynes to Cis alkenes H2 and Lindlar's catalyst (Pd, quinoline, CaCO3, Pb(OAC)2) Two Hs added to same side of alkene Alkynes are more reactive than alkenes and Lindlar’s is too weak for alkenes Reduction of alkenes to alkanes (Catalytic Hydrogenation) H2 excess, catalyst (Ni, Pd, Pt, Pd/C) Exothermic Always syn addition of Hs Reduction of alkynes to alkanes (Catalytic Hydrogenation) H2 excess, catalyst (Ni, Pd, Pt) 4 Hs added Stability of Alkenes More substituted is more stable Trans is more stable than cis Reduction of alkyl halides to alkanes w/LAH Also written LiAlH4 SN2 rxn X is substituted with H X = I > Br > Cl (not F) Rate of rxn : Me > 1 > 2 (not 3) Epoxidation of alkenes w/ Peracids Alkene forms epoxide Rxn is stereospecific (if it starts cis the epoxide ends in cis) Weakest O-H bond from peroxide moves 1 step rxn no intermediate Common peracids: MCPBA and MMPP Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes O3 H2O, CH3SCH3, PPh3 Cut in half at alkene and add =O to make aldehyde or ketones Oxidative cleavage of Alkynes (Ozonolysis) O3 H2O, CH3SCH3, PPh3 Internal Alkyne: cut in half and make two carboxylic acids Terminal Alkyne: cut in half and make carboxylic acid and CO2 PCC Oxidation (Pyridinium chlorochromate) Soluble in organic solvent Stops at aldehyde and doesn't go to COOH even with primary OH O becomes double bonded and H attaches to C Oxidation of Alcohols Primary [O] aldehyde [O] carboxylic acid Secondary [O] ketone Tertiary [O] no rxn [O] conditions: Na2Cr2O7 or K2Cr2O7 over H2SO4, H2O And H2CrO4 over acetone (jones reagent) Anti - 1,2 - dihydroxylation Peracid H+ or OH- in H2O OH added to opposite sides of C-C bond First peracid makes an epoxide where R1 and R3 stay cis so dashed Then second step opens ring with OH on straight bonds If cyclo then racemic mixture of OH on dashed and wedged Syn - 1,2 - dihydroxylation 3 conditions: Cold KMnO4 over OH- and H2O Cat OsO4, NMO 2) NaHSO3, H2O OsO4 2) NaHSO3, H2O OH added to straight bonds on same side of C-C bond Needs to be rotated 180 for final product where OH is across from each other Chapter 13 Breaking into radicals : homolytic cleavage and endothermic Radicals are sp3, trigonal planar, 120, empty p-orbital Most stable to least stable: 3 > 2 > 1 > methyl Why? Hyperconjugation (R groups stabilize radical C) Induction (electrons flow from sp3 C to sp2 C) How do radicals react Radicals attack sigma bonds: radical hits bond and takes H Radicals attack pi bonds: radical hits bond and attaches to C Radicals attack radicals: coupling exothermic Alkanes w/ Halogens Exothermic R-H + X2 with light and heat makes R-X + HX X2 is either Cl or Br Alkane w/ Cl2 Initiation: Cl-Cl breaks to two Cl rad Propagation: Cl rad + alkane making Cl-H and alkane rad Alkane rad + Cl-Cl making alkane with one less H and Cl attached Chlorination of Higher Alkanes Cl2 with light heat # of signals is types of products Not very regioselectivity Bromination of Higher Alkanes Br2 with light heat Very regioselective Br goes to most sub C Radical Stability Allylic radical > 3 > 2 > 1 > me > vinyl =. Stereochemistry of radical Halogen Cl rad + alkane Cl & Br can be added to top or bottom on straight bond creating enantiomers or diasteromers Allylic Substitution If it is alkene + X2 at high concentration, low temp over a non polar solvent then it is a vicinal dihalide ( X to both previous alkene Cs) If it is alkene + X2 at low concentration, high temp then one X subs on sp3 C attached to double bond and the bond stays and HX is made
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NSMK 5 - Footrot in Sheep SDL
7
Updated 240d ago
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