PMI Exam 3: Quiz Questions

All following are examples of Soft mechanical foods EXCEPT?

Rice cereal

All following reflexes are protective EXCEPT __________.

suckling

In neonates and young infants up to 3mos old, which components of feeding are voluntary?

none

Which statement is CORRECT regarding bottle-feeding?

Both compression and suction are needed for efficient bottle feeding.

Which statement is INCORRECT? Compared with older children or adults, the newborns's

Tongue is relatively smaller

Which difference between nutritive suckling and non-nutritive suckling is WRONG?

Suck/swallow ratio is the same in both nutritive suckling and non-nutritive sucking.

Infants born before _________ weeks gestational age are considered preterm (or premature).

37

Which statement is CORRECT?

The brainstem is the most highly developed area of the brain at birth.

All statements are correct regarding the rooting reflex EXCEPT:

This reflex emerges in utero during the third trimester and continues to approximately 12 months of age, when it integrates.

Which oral skills are expected at 9-12 months of age?

An increasing proportion of fluids may be taken from a cup, although they still require breastfeeds or bottle feeds to meet their nutritional requirements.

All following are the signs and symptoms of feeding problems in early infants EXCEPT: 

Mealtimes take 15 mins or less

All statements are correct regarding tracheoesophageal fistula EXCEPT

Short gut syndrome is a surgical side effect

Feeding difficulties are common in children with Down syndrome as a result of________.

All of the above (oral anatomy, low muscle tone, comorbid cardiac issues)

State regulation/control issues can affect feeding in which age group?

Preemies

Which of the following is a sign and/or symptom of feeding problem in older infants/ children?

All of the above (Coughing, choking, gagging, vomiting, poor weight gain, food aversion of specific texture or food groups)

Increased intracranial pressure inside the skull and progressive enlargement of the head is called ________________.

Hydrocephalus

Which statement is CORRECT regarding feeding difficulty in children with cerebral palsy (CP)?

Children with CP frequently have difficulty with oral motor movements necessary for feeding, such as lip closure.

Poor postural control in preterm infants can be due to

Both a and b

• having less muscle bulk and body fat compare with full-term infants

• reduced flexor tone through the head and neck

Which of the following respiratory conditions is caused by insufficient surfactant production?

Respiratory distress syndrome

Which perinatal condition can affect an infant's ability to feed?

All of the above (Jaundice, Hyperglycemia, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome)

You want to know whether your three-year-old client is consuming enough daily calories. Who is the best health professional to refer your patient to?

Dietician

When conducting a pediatric feeding evaluation, which of the following is an important consideration?

Considering the child's developmental stage

A clinical feeding evaluation by speech language pathologists will entail all of the following activities, EXCEPT _______________. (hint: this activity is not within the scope of our practice)

Determining energy and nutrient requirements based on age and gender

All of the following are adverse clinical signs of potential aspiration in children, EXCEPT: 

Tongue protrusion

Penetration occurs when the bolus

enters the laryngeal vestibule but stays above or at the level of the true vocal cords

Which of the following feeding behaviors is a feature of sensory defensivenes

Gags on certain foods

White/bland food diet is common in children with_________.

Autism

True or False: VFSS/MBS are more commonly used to assess infants and younger children's feeding skills vs. FEES.

True

When completing a case history and parent interview regarding a patient's feeding difficulties, it's important to ask about all of the following things EXCEPT: 

What town the patient lives in

When assessing bottle feeding, it's important to assess all the following EXCEPT: 

The type of car seat the infant is brought to the assessment in.

All of the following are true rationale supporting the use of thickened liquids with infants, EXCEPT _____________.

Decreased risk of aspiration post-swallow

Imposing breaks during feeding and and drinking to interrupt the flow of liquid is called ____________________.

Pacing

Which of these equipment may be used with older children to slow the flow of fluids? (Select all that apply)

Infatrainer cup, Cut-out cups

You are exposing your child client with feeding difficulty to a range of foods in play-based activities. You intend to make the activity more challenging over time. What behavioral feeding therapy approach do you use?

Systematic desensitization

You want to know whether your two-year-old client's daily calorie intake is improved secondary to feeding therapy success. Who is the best health professional to collaborate with?

Dietician

Which of the following is least effective in improving feeding and swallowing in children?

Swallowing maneuvers

Which statement is correct regarding Oral-Sensory Motor (OSM) therapy?

A common criticism of OSM therapy is that performing sensory and motor exercises in isolation rarely leads to functional changes in feeding or swallowing skills.

Which statement is WRONG regarding the factors affecting the thickness of thickened fluids?

Thickened liquids should always be used when aspiration occurs

True or False: A z-vibe is an oral motor-sensory tool that can be used during feeding therapy to work on oral motor movement, as well as decreased or increased sensitivity in the mouth.

True

True or False: Gagging is noisy, while choking is silent. 

True