ARCH 2040 Quiz 2

Module 2: Sacred Architecture

When did the first civilizations start in America? (3pts)

a) Around the same time, we see the first civilizations in the "Old World"

b) Around 1000 BCE

c) After the European colonization

d) Around 1000 CE

Around the same time, we see the first civilizations in the “Old World”

Where is the sacred city of Caral Supe located? (3pts)

a) Modern day Argentina

b) Nebraska

c) Mesopotamia

d) Modern day Peru

Modern day peru

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Chavín de Huántar? (3pts)

a) It incorporated very large monolithic collossal heads as a part of their ritual setting

b) It had incorporated an underground maze system with acoustic properties

c) These monumental structures were built without the help of metal tools

d) It was built around certain axis to frame winter solstice

It incorporated very large monolithic collossal heads as a part of their ritual setting

Where and when did the Olmec civilization emerge?

(3pts)

a) In Mesopotamia - 3000 BCE

b) In Modern day Mississippi - 1000 BCE

c) In Modern day Peru - 3500 BCE

d) In Modern day Mexico - 1500 BCE

In Modern day Mexico - 1500 BCE

What is this structure used for in many ancient American civilizations?a) Housing

b) For playing Ball Game – a popular game in the pre-Columbian Americas played

with balls made from solid rubber

c) Observing the sky and predicting calendar dates

d) A market

For playing Ball Game - a popular game in the pre-Columbian Americas played with balls made from solid rubber

Wat does this structure look like in plan?

V

What does this image represent?

a) Schematic representation of a cantilevering system in masonry construction of

pyramids - a prominent stylistic feature of Teotihuacano architecture

b) a sacred city pattern

c) Wood Detailing

d) a column detailing utilized in Mesoamerica

Schematic representation of cantilevering system in masonry construction of pyramids - a prominent stylistic feature of Teotihuacano architecture.

T OR F: Both matsaba and stepped pyramids have their burial chambers located underground

true

Which of the following is a stepped pyramid example:

a) The pyramid of Khafre

b) Sneferu’s Bent pyramid

c) The pyramid of Kufu

d) The complex in Saqqara, Old Kingdom

The complex in Saqqara, Old Kingdom

Which of the following was the first true pyramid form?

a) Sneferu’s red pyramid

b) Snefuru’s bent pyramid.

c) Pyramid of Khufu

d) Pyramid of Khafre

Sneferu’s red pyramid

What’s the wall thickness of the Caves of Ajanta?

a) 15 feet

b) 30 feet

c) 2 feet

d) Trick question – cannot necessarily give a straight answer because they were

carved inside the mountains, therefore the interior surface we perceive as wall is

the interior of the carved cave.

Trick question - cannot necessarily give a straight answer because they were carved inside the mountains, therefore the interior surface we perceive as wall is the interior of the carved cave

Which of the following is not an example of wooden architecture illusion displayed in Caves of Bhaja?

a) Wooden ribs added to mimic to carry the weight of the stone vault.

b) Stone beds carved into the monk cells.

c) Horizontal pieces (beams) to transmit vertical loads of the roof.

d) Carved details of wood purlins into the stone structure

Stone beds carved into the monk cells

Which of the following temple construction resembles a CNC milling technique?

a) Kailasanatha temple

b) Temple of Neptune

c) Pyramid of Khufu

d) The pyramid of Louvre

Kailasanatha temple

T OR F: Greek temples structural principle is based on post and beam (like often seen in wooden constructions) however applied to stone

False

T OR F: In Greek sacred architecture all geometries were constructed as perfectly straight

False

Who is Vitruvius

a) a Renaissance architect who wrote a book on architecture.

b) A Roman emperor who built significant temples in the lands he colonized.

c) a Roman architect, who wrote the first treatise on architecture (in the Western

World) De Architectura

d) The first person who drew the Vitruvian man.

A Roman architect, who wrote the first treatise on architecture (In the Western world) de Architectura

Which of the following did Vitruvius emphasize in his treatise?

a) Ancient Greek architecture / proportions and orders

b) Egyptian pyramids

c) Current Roman architecture

d) Etruscan architecture

Ancient Greek architecture/proportions and orders

T OR F: In sacred Greek and Roman architecture cella is reserved for the representation of deities and public was not allowed to go inside the temple

True

Which of the following is an unorthodox religious building of the Ancient Rome?

a) Pantheon, (Rome, Italy)

b) Maison Carrée, (Nîmes, France)

c) Temple of Jupiter, (Pompeii, Italy)

d) Temple of Rome and Augustus, (Pula, Croatia)

Pantheon (Rome, Italy)

Why is it an unorthodox religious building?

a) Because it is located in Eastern Europe

b) Because its portico is designed differently.

c) Because it is not obeying the 1:2 proportion of cella to the overall temple

d) Because it is also a throne room and allows public to go inside the cella.

Because it is also a throne room and allows public to go inside the cella

Which of the following is true about the Pantheons construction?

a) The oculus is only for getting sun-light in and doesn’t help with the structure.

b) The columns inside are serving structural purposes.

c) It utilizes pendentives for transmitting the load of the dome to the walls

d) the thickness of the dome increases as it descends, transferring the load from

light pumice aggregate in the upper concrete to heavier stone aggregates below.

The thickness of the dome increases as it descends, transferring the load from light pumice aggregate in the upper concrete to heavier stone aggregates below

When Christianity was adapted, which Roman building type was utilized for performing religious gatherings? 

Basilica  

Temple  

Forum 

Stoa 

Basilica

What is significant about Santa Maria Maggiore (in Rome)? 

a) It is the first centrally planned church 

b) There is nothing significant about it. 

c) It employs ionic order following Vitruvius’ suggestion for dedication to female  deities, as Rome’s first church to the cult of the Virgin Mary 

d) It is a typical basilica form with no ornate facades, only decoration taking place  inside.  

It employs ionic order following Vitruvius’ suggestion for dedication to female deities, as Rome’s first church to the cult of the Virgin Mary

Which of the following is not an example of Byzantine architecture? 

a) Hagia Eirene (Istanbul) 

b) Hagia Sophia (Istanbul) 

c) Pantheon (Rome) 

d) San Vitale (Ravenna)

Pantheon (Rome)

What is pendentive?

a) A structural element to create openings in walls. 

b) is a construction element allows a dome to be placed over a square or rectangular  geometry. 

c) A column style. 

d) An ornament used in the facades of churches. 

is a construction element allows a dome to be placed over a square or rectangular  geometry. 

Which of the following was not designed or functioned as a mosque?

a) The Jami al-Mutawakkil (Mosque of al-Mutawakkil),

b) The Dome of the Rock

c) The Great Mosque of Damascus

d) The Grand Mosque of Granada

The Dome of the Rock

What is a hypostyle hall?

a) And open space under a series of barrel vaults

b) A hall formed with a forest of columns placed in a grid system.

c) An exterior courtyard space common to mosque designs for public to gather.

d) An open space under a large dome

A hall formed with a forest of columns placed in a grid system

Which of the following is not an example of an hypostyle hall mosque

design?

a) The great Mosque of Damascus

b) Süleymaniye Mosque in Istanbul

c) The Great Mosque of Cordoba

d) The Great Mosque of Kairouan

Süleymaniye Mosque in Istanbul

Polychrome arches we see in Great Mosque of Cordoba is due to:

a) Pigmentation that occurred in time.

b) The arch is cut from one piece of stone and painted to give the effect of stone

pieces.

c) Coloring the stone pieces in white and red.

d) The arches are formed with alternating stone and red brick.

The arches are formed with alternating stone and red brick.

T OR F: There are no Romanesque architecture examples that can be found outside

of Europe

False

Which of the following is a characteristic of Romanesque Architecture?

a) Colonettes

b) Thick walls / small openings

c) Flying buttresses

d) Groin vaults

Thick walls/small openings

5.3) How did the cultural exchange take place between isolated monasteries,

which

were isolated small cities in themselves?

a) Through trade

b) Through the opening of new fast food chains in neighboring villages

c) The introduction of new secret hand shakes between the priests in these

monasteries

d) Through pilgrimage

Through pilgrimage

Which of the following is not a Gothic Cathedral?

a) Notre Dame de Paris

b) Seville Cathedral

c) Hagia Sophia

d) Cathedral of St. Denise

Cathedral of St. Denise

Which period architecture has a bigger emphasis on the title “architect”?

a) Renaissance

b) Romanesque

c) Gothic

d) None of the above.

Renaissance

Which of the following manifest the Renaissance ideals of sacred architecture on

the façade only?

a) Santa Maria delle Carceri, Prato

b) Santa Maria Presso San Satiro, Milan

c) Ospedale degli Innocenti, Florence

d) Santa Maria Novella, Florence

Santa Maria Presso San Satiro, Milan

Which of the following church design employs trompe l’oeil to give the

illusion of a centrally planned space?

a) Santa Maria Presso San Satiro, Milan

b) Hagia Sophia, Istanbul

c) Santa Maria Novella, Florence

d) Pantheon, Rome

Santa Maria Presso San Satiro, Milan