Foreign Policy Final 2

Woodrow Wilson

28th president of the United States Kept us out of war

George Kennan

He was an American diplomat and ambassador best known as "the father of containment"

Isolationism

A national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs

Idealism

broad moral principles

National Interest

what is good for a country as a whole in international relations; often disputed

Imperialism

domination by one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another country or region

Marshall Plan

providing aid to Europe after WW2

Alfred Thayer Mahan

Navy officer, advocated the expansion of sea power

What decade it the US abandon isolationism

late 1890s

Monroe Doctrine

Told Europe that colonization in western hemisphere was no longer allowed

Manifest Destiny

A notion held by a nineteenth-century Americans that the United States was destined to rule the continent, from the Atlantic the Pacific.

What did George Washingtion say in his farwell speech

entangling affairs

Who did the US ask for help from during the revolutionary war

France and Spain

Truman Doctrine

President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology

When did the US nuclear monopoly end?

1949

What did the Senate do with the Treaty of Versailles

didn't ratify it

who had panama as a territory?

Colombia

What years were the US involved in WW1

1917-1918

What did the US get during the Imperialist years

Puerto Rico Philippines Guam Wake and Hawaii

Containment

American policy of resisting further expansion of communism around the world

Why did the US declare independence

unfair taxes right to govern and freedom

Spanish-American War

splendid little war

Sputnik

Soviet satellite (fear of missile gap)

US National Interest from 1776-1900

acquiring lands solidifying nation and fighting wars if necessary

Cuban Missile Crisis

The 1962 confrontation bewteen US and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba. Soviets withdrew thier missiles

What did Germany pay after WWI

reparations

Internationalism

A national policy of actively trading with foreign countries to foster peace and prosperity

Preemption

attacking before the other can attack

Why did the US get involved in the 1990's Gulf War

Iraq invaded Kuwait

Cold War

The political and economic confrontation between the Soviet Union and the United States that dominated world affairs from 1946 to 1989.

What resulted for US military after WW2

increased military size

Robert McNamara

Secretary of Defense (we were wrong terribly wrong)

Dien Bien Phu

The place that the final battle took place that forced the French out of Vietnam

What did LBJ promise?

Never to send US boys to Vietnam

Ho Chi MInh

Communist leader of North Vietnam

Henry Kissinger

The main negotiator of the peace treaty with the North Vietnamese; secretary of state during Nixon's presidency (1970s).

Tet Offensive

a massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on South Vietnamese towns and cities in early 1968.

Ngo Dinh Diem

Leader of South Vietnam

Vietnamization

President Richard Nixons strategy for ending U.S involvement in the vietnam war, involving a gradual withdrawl of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese forces

Domino Theory

A theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control.

Le Duc Tho

peace negotiator for the North Vietnamese

Geneva Accords

Temporarily divided Vietnam along the 17th parallel

Vietminh

Communist group led by Ho Chi Minh

Vietcong

North Vietnamese troops who used guerilla tactics

When did LBJ know he was finished?

After the Tet Offensive

Who won the Tet Offensive?

American / South Vietnamese forces.

Why did JFK get into Vietnam

Stop communism, S Vietnam would fall, save bay of pigs

Why did Ho Chi Minh become a communist?

He favored ending colonialism

Green Berets

Special US forces that were trained to fight the Viet Cong's guerilla tactics

Peace candidate in 1964?

LBJ

What didn't the US people provide in Vietnam?

the will to win

Who came up with Vietnamization

Richard Nixon

What agreement ended the Vietnam War

Paris Peace Accords

Who won the 1973 Nobel Prize?

Le Duc Tho and Henry Kissinger

How many US combat troops were in Vietnam?

543,000

Counterinsurgency

an effort to combat guerrilla armies

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

1964 Congressional resolution authorizing President Johnson to take military action in Vietnam

What did Nixon promise in 1968

To get us out of the war with honor

Why did we fight in Vietnam

Stop the spread of communism

Why did the US public feel misled by LBJ

he failed to keep his promises

Responsible for the great purge

Stalin

detente

the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries.

Perestroika

restructuring

Russian Revolutionary Group

Bolsheviks

Vladmir Lenin

Leader of the Bolsheviks

Comintern

Communist international

Glasnost

openness

Mikhail Gorbachev

Soviet leader of the 1980s who worked with Reagan to end the Cold War

Nikita Khrushchev

A Soviet leader during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Also famous for denouncing Stalin and allowed criticism of Stalin within Russia.

Boris Yeltsin

first president of the Russian Republic

What did Richard Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev work toward

ending the cold war

Who did Lenin choose as his heir?

nobody

What system has government ownership of the economy

Socialism

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

treaty between Russia and Germany that would end Russia's involvement in WWI in 1917

Geopolitics

study of government and its policies as affected by physical geography

What agreement gave the Soviets eastern Poland

Hitler-Stalin Pact

What was the first sign of the Cuban Missile Crisis

ships from Russia

Who denounced Stalin's crimes in a "secret speech"?

Khrushchev

Who met at the Yalta Conference?

Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin

Why didn't Eastern Europe like the Soviets?

Communization of its nations

What did the Cold War center on

Eastern Europe

What agreement divided Germany after WW2

Yalta Agreement

What ended detente?

Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

What were JFK's choices during the Cuban Missile Crisis?

Attack Quarantine or Wait it out

Why was the crisis more dangerous than thought?

Missiles were already in cuba

What agreement limited missile deployment

SALT

What Russian situation was like Vietnam for the US?

Invasion of Afghanistan

What was the peak of the Cold War?

Cuban Missile Crisis

US response to Soviets invading Afghanistan

Arms buildup, boycott of olympics, cancel grain sales

Who only wanted to reform the soviet system

Gorbachev

What country foreign policy does Russia resemble

USSR

What countries rebelled against the Soviet Union

Hungary, Poland, Czechoslovakia

Cold War years

1945-1991

Who said "tear down this wall"?

Ronald Reagan

What hasn't worked as planned in Russia

Capitalism

What was one of Putin's goals

Restore pride

What Chinese leader didn't follow Stalin's advice

Mao Ze Dong

What did Lenin think would happen after the revolution

The Soviet Union would be great

Nelson Mandela

First black president of South Africa

Apartheid

A social policy or racial segregation involving political and economic and legal discrimination against non-whites.