Physical Changes Associated with Aging

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts related to the physical changes associated with aging as discussed in the lecture notes.

Aging

The process of becoming older, involving various biological changes.

Primary Aging

The gradual and inevitable process of bodily deterioration throughout life.

Secondary Aging

Changes in aging that result from disease and lifestyle factors.

Caloric Restriction (CR)

A dietary regimen that reduces calorie intake without depriving essential nutrients, often aimed at extending lifespan.

Hayflick Limit

The maximum number of times a human cell can divide, typically about 40-60 times.

Telomeres

The protective caps at the end of chromosomes that shorten with each cell division.

Intrinsic Aging

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism due to the passage of time.

Extrinsic Aging

Aging changes that result from external factors such as diet, exercise, and sun exposure.

Presbyphonia

Age-related voice changes occurring due to alterations in the larynx and vocal cords.

Presbycusis

Age-related hearing loss that is most noticeable at higher frequencies.

Anosmia

The decline or loss of the sense of smell associated with aging.

Diabetes Type 1

A more severe form of diabetes characterized by the body's impaired ability to produce insulin.

Diabetes Type 2

A less severe form of diabetes characterized by the body's impaired ability to recognize and utilize insulin.

Osteoarthritis

A common degenerative joint disease associated with aging.

Urinary Incontinence

The involuntary loss of urine, which can impact quality of life.

Metabolism

The chemical processes that occur within a living organism to maintain life, which slows with age.

Immune System

The body's defense against infectious organisms and other invaders that changes with age.