physical properties of alkanes
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7 Terms
What is the general formula
CnH2n+2
What are the key features
Each carbon forms 4 single bonds, formed by the direct overlap of atomic orbitals, fully saturated
What are cycloalkanes
Carbon atoms form a ring structure, the general formula is CnH2n, saturated
What is the shape of an alkane
Tetrahedral
What is the boiling point like
increases as the number of carbon atoms increase
Explain why the BP increases as you add more carbons
Longer chain means more electrons present, creating stronger induced dipoles, stronger dipoles mean stronger induced dipole forces, so more energy needed to overcome forces
How does branching affect BP
Straight chains can pack closer together, branches don’t allow this
There are less surface points of contact between molecules of branches, decreases London forces, less energy needed to overcome London forces
Note 
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