Lab Potential Questions Review

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on the topics discussed in the lab lectures, covering concepts in anatomy, physiology, and medical tests.

Nasopharynx

The upper part of the pharynx located behind the nose, connected to the middle ear by the Eustachian tube.

Eustachian Tube

A tube that connects the nasopharynx to the middle ear, allowing equalization of pressure.

Otitis Media

An infection or inflammation of the middle ear, often caused by pathogens traveling through the Eustachian tube.

Type I Alveolar Cells

Thin cells in the alveoli that facilitate gas exchange (O₂ and CO₂ diffusion).

Type II Alveolar Cells

Cells that produce surfactant to reduce surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse.

Alveolar Macrophages

Immune cells located in the alveoli that remove debris, pathogens, and dead cells.

Mucociliary Escalator

A mechanism that transports mucus and trapped particles out of the respiratory tract.

Larynx

The voice box where sound is produced by the vibration of vocal cords.

Boyle's Law

A principle stating that pressure and volume are inversely related: increasing volume decreases pressure and vice versa.

Spirometry

A pulmonary function test used to measure lung capacity and airflow.

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

The total volume of air in the lungs after maximum inhalation.

Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)

The total amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a maximum inhalation.

FEV1.0

The volume of air exhaled in the first second during a forced exhalation.

Dicrotic Notch

A small increase in aortic pressure following the T wave on an ECG, indicating closure of the aortic valve.

Arrhythmias

Abnormal heart rhythms caused by irregular electrical conduction in the heart.

SA Node

The sinoatrial node, the heart's natural pacemaker that initiates the heartbeat.

AV Node

The atrioventricular node, which delays the electrical signal from the atria to allow for proper filling of the ventricles.