AP Hug Unit 7 quiz 2

Rust belt

Region of the United States used to be heavy manufacturers, now long abandoned. Around the great lakes

Sun belt

Southern region of the United States, SE - SW. Service sector, warm climate, eastern part early industrial region.

Growth pole

Silicon valley, high-technology businesses. Concentration of these businesses spurred economic development in the surrounding area.

Technopole

Area planned for high technology where agglomeration built on a synergy among technological companies occurs

Imagined community

The idea that the people who do not personally know each other and likely never will are linked and have shared experiences, including death, tragedy, sorrow, and even joy

Globalization

chaotic set of proccesses and outcomes created by people. Processes of globalization and connectedness created through globalization occurs across scales and across networks, regardless of state borders

Washington Consensus

The view that free trade raises the wealth o all countries involved underpins a set of neoliberal policies known as ___. World Bank, WTO part of consensus.

network

set of interconnected nodes without a center

Digital Divide

Major divide in access to information technology

Social networks

Were credited with making revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt possible

Participatory Development

Idea that locals should be engaged in deciding what development means for them and how to achieve it- is another response to top-down decision making

Service industries

tertiary, quaternary, quinary sectors - produce ideas, advice, innovations and assistance to businesses and individuals

Tertiary services

Aid people and businesses

Quaternary services

collection, processing, manipulation of information and capital(finance, administration, insurance)

Quinary services

Facilitate complex decision making and advancement of human capacities(scientific research, higher education, high-level management)

Economic Core

Mainly service industries

High-technology corridor

Area designated by local or state government to benefit from lower taxes & high tech infrastructure, w goal of providing high-tech jobs to local population.

Nongovernmental organizations

nonprofit institutions outside of formal governments that are established to promote particular social or humanitarian ends.

Vertical Integration

Corporation that has ownership in all or most points along the production and consumption of a commodity chain.

Traditional Society

Local or regional, local trade, rural settings, family-based culture, subsistence farming, informal primary sector, low tech, limited wealth, medieval Europe

Pre-Conditions to Take off

Leadership begin to invest in country, small scale global trade develops, urbanization begins, shift to secondary labor sector, transportation and farming develops, increased investment in businesses/infrastructure, nigeria & afghanistan

Take Off

Major exports, increased global trade, urbanization, full industrialization of high output capabilities, technology advances, businesses making money → shift to patterns of consumption, NICS(India, Phillipines, Vietnam)

Drive to Maturity

Pop. growth declines, industry specializes, workers more skilled & educated, high power consumption, improved transport & communication. Investment in social infrastructure(schools, hospitals), Brazil Russia China

High Mass Consumption

Continues decline or goes into negative, mostly tertiary sector, highly skilled highly educated, high power consumption, improved transport & communication, people spend on nonessential goods, Japan South Korea East Europe US Canada

Rostow based on industrialized, capitalist, democrat countries

Falsely assumes all countries value those ideals

Rostow SCALE & uneven development

Stages of growth not uniform across one country

Rostow Linear Progress

Not all countries progress through model in defined order. Wars, corruption, natural disasters can impact.

Rostow Globalization

Does not take into account all countries connected in our globalized world

Rostow = potential to develop

Major differences between countries that could help/hinder development(climate, landforms, access to resources)

Rostow sustainability

Highest level does not take into account natural environment, depletion of resources, level of waste

Rostow Legacy of Colonialism

Massive impact of centuries of colonialism on LDC. MDC’s today exploited LDC resources. LDC that try to develop cant colonize others.

Wallerstein’s World Systems

World economic system, one large interconnected economy. Competition between core countries for colonies & trade, military strength

Wallerstein Legacy of Colonialism

Advantages in production for core countries

WallerStein Core

Economically/Politically dominant, strong military & allies, highly interconnected transportation & communication, control of global market, former colonial powers, high skill capital-intense production, US UK Japan

Wallerstein Semi-Periphery

“Middle income’, aspects of core & periphery, process of industrialization, active in manufacturing and exports, better communication & transport thn periphery, NICS are BRICS

Periphery

unstable governments, less wealth & education, export natural resources, unreliable transportation & communication, former colonies, low skill, labor-intensive jobs, low wages, weak laws to protect workers, Afghanistan Peru Kenya

Break of Bulk Point

Where cargo switches from one mode of transport to another.