phonation part 2 powerpoint

there is ____ pressure above the VF at the beginning of the opening phase to help open VFs

postive

There is ___ pressure at the end of the closing phase to help close VFs

negative

transglottal pressure and lateral glottal pressure are the same. T/F

F, transglottal goes up/down and helps close, lateral helps flow in open phase

when the vocal folds close, that is when the sound is created and the bernoulli effect helps close the VF. T/F

T

arytenoids ______

• rock, slide, glide to close VF

• rock inward to bring VF to midline

• subglottal pressure builds beneath

when the opening phase begins, _____pressure is greater than _____ pressure

• subglottal

• supraglottal

In the opening phase, lower masses are pushed ____

laterally by rising of the subglottal pressure

lower masses separate first and then upper masses separate in opening phase. T/F

T

glottis is only formed when the opening phase of the VF is complete. T/F

T

in the final opening phase, upper and lower masses are moving ____ but in _______ directions

• paralell

• opposite

when closing phase begins, lower masses return to ___

midline

in closing phase, air molecs increase velocity and there is a decrease in pressure resulting in the _____ effect

bernoulli

what is the musocal wave?

movement from lower masses to upper masses, when VF opening and closing,

flow discontinuity causes creation of sound. T/F

T

the heavier the vf, the lower the ______

the longer the vf, the higher the ____

• fundamental freq

• fundamental freq

muscles involved in changing pitch: 3

• cricothyroid (primary control, rocks thyroid cartilage down and forward, contraction inc fund freq)

• thyroarytenoid (secondary control, body of vf, contractions can dec fund freq)

• lung pressure (additional)

what does cricothyroid do?

• stiffens, raises pitch by pulling thyroid cartilage down and forward

what does thyroarytenoid do?

• shortens vf, pulls arytenoid end of the vf towards the thyroid end

pressed voice vs breathy voice:

• pressed

  • medial compression inc

  • open phase reduced

  • inc stiffness of vf acheiving faster and more prolonged closure

• breathy

  • incomplete glottal closure during closed vibration phase

  • intensity is diminished