Bandura's & Pender's Theories

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28 Terms

1
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What is Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory?

  • Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory emphasizes the role of observational learning, imitation, and modeling in behavior development.

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What are the key components of Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory?

  • The key components include: self-direction, self-regulation, and self-efficacy.

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What is Pender's Health Promotion Model?

  • Pender's Health Promotion Model focuses on how individual characteristics and experiences influence health-promoting behavior.

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What factors does Pender's Health Promotion Model include?

  • Pender's model includes: 1. Individual characteristics and experiences 2. Behavior-specific cognition and affect 3. Outcome expectations.

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How does Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory relate to Pender's Health Promotion Model?

  • Both theories emphasize the importance of cognitive processes and the influence of social environments on behavior change.

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  1. Which of the following strategies best supports self-efficacy in Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory when helping a patient begin a walking routine?

A. Giving the patient a pamphlet on the benefits of exercise
B. Telling the patient that they must walk every day
C. Showing a video of another patient with similar limitations successfully walking daily
D. Explaining the pathophysiology of how walking lowers blood pressure

  • Correct Answer: C.

  • Observational learning (modeling) builds self-efficacy.

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  1. According to Bandura, which of the following is the most critical for a person to begin changing their behavior?

A. Understanding disease progression
B. Believing they can succeed at the behavior
C. Having access to medication
D. Support from family and friends

  • Correct Answer: B.

  • Self-efficacy (belief in one’s ability) is key in SCT.

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  1. Which of the following best describes reciprocal determinism in Bandura’s theory?

A. One’s environment alone controls behavior
B. Behavior and thoughts are influenced only by genetics
C. Personal beliefs, environment, and behavior all influence each other
D. Behavior only changes when there is reinforcement

  • Correct Answer: C.

  • This loop of influence is central to SCT.

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  1. A patient starts eating healthier after watching a friend manage their diabetes well. What SCT concept does this illustrate?

A. Reinforcement
B. Self-regulation
C. Outcome expectations
D. Observational learning

  • Correct Answer: D.

  • Learning by watching others is observational learning.

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  1. Which statement by a nurse best reflects the use of Bandura’s theory during health teaching?

A. “You must reduce your cholesterol or you’ll need medication.”
B. “Let me tell you why walking is good for your heart.”
C. “Here’s a success story from another patient who made the same change.”
D. “You should really think about changing your diet.”

  • Correct Answer: C.

  • This reflects modeling and supports behavior change through SCT.

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  1. In Pender’s Health Promotion Model, which of the following is considered a behavior-specific cognition?

A. Age of the individual
B. History of chronic illness
C. Perceived barriers to action
D. Genetics

  • Correct Answer: C.

  • Behavior-specific cognitions include barriers, benefits, and self-efficacy.

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  1. A nurse is helping a client increase physical activity. According to Pender’s HPM, which of the following factors would MOST motivate behavior?

A. A history of failing exercise attempts
B. A belief that walking will improve energy levels
C. A strong family history of diabetes
D. Living near a busy intersection

  • Correct Answer: B.

  • Belief in the benefit of the action influences motivation.

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  1. Which nursing action best aligns with Pender’s model?

A. Telling the patient they must quit smoking
B. Encouraging the patient to reflect on why they want to be healthier
C. Telling the patient what the research says about nicotine
D. Writing a strict exercise schedule for the patient

  • Correct Answer: B.

  • HPM is patient-centered and focused on individual motivation.

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  1. Which of the following best describes the goal of Pender’s Health Promotion Model?

A. Prevent disease only in older adults
B. Promote behavior change through medication
C. Help individuals achieve a higher level of well-being
D. Focus solely on risk factor education

  • Correct Answer: C.

  • The ultimate goal is wellness and self-actualization.

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  1. According to Pender’s model, a patient avoids going to the gym because they feel embarrassed. This is an example of:

A. Perceived self-efficacy
B. Activity-related affect
C. Interpersonal influence
D. Behavioral outcome

  • Correct Answer: B.

  • Emotional feelings about the activity itself affect motivation.

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What is the primary function of the cerebellum?

  • The cerebellum is involved in coordinating voluntary muscle movements and balance.

Tip: think “bellum” like “balance” - sounds similar.

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Does the cerebellum directly relate to cognition or anxiety?

  • No, the cerebellum does not directly relate to cognition or anxiety

  • But dysfunction can cause movement disorders like intention tremors.

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What is the largest part of the brain?

  • The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain.

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The cerebrum is further divided into other regions which include:

  • Frontal lobe: responsible for reasoning, planning, and problem-solving (cognitive skills), voluntary motor.

  • Parietal lobes: these lobes manage sensory information, and integration.

  • Temporal lobes: these lobes are involved in hearing, smell, memory, speech perception.

  • Occipital lobes: responsible for visual processing and interpretation. They receive visual information from the eyes and are crucial for understanding what we see.

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What critical functions does the cerebral cortex govern?

  • The cerebral cortex is critical for higher cognitive functions like conscious thought, reasoning, learning, memory, and language.

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What is the role of the frontal lobe?

  • The frontal lobe governs decision-making and problem-solving abilities.

  • Voluntary motor control and regulation.

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How can abnormalities in the cerebrum affect mental health?

  • Abnormalities in the cerebrum can contribute to anxiety disorders and other mental health conditions.

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What is included in the diencephalon?

  • Diencephalon includes the thalamus and hypothalamus.

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What is the function of the thalamus?

  • Thalamus is the “Relay Center” of the brain.

  • The thalamus relays sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex.

  • It also plays a role in regulating consciousness, sleep, and alertness.

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What does the hypothalamus regulate?

  • Hypothalamus regulates the autonomic nervous system and hormones related to stress responses.

  • It controls body temperature (brain’s thermostat), hunger, thirst, and sleep-wake cycles.

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What happens if the diencephalon is disrupted?

  • Disruption of the diencephalon can disturb basic regulatory processes necessary for health promotion.

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What is the primary role of the brainstem?

  • Brainstem connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls vital functions like respiration, heart rate, and sleep.

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How does the brainstem influence emotional responses?

  • The brainstem influences emotional responses through neurotransmitter pathways projecting to the limbic system, which modulates anxiety levels.