Newton's Laws of Motion - Video Notes

Flashcards covering Newton's Laws of Motion, inertia, unbalanced vs balanced forces, and related concepts with definitions and examples.

Who published the three laws of motion and in which work?

Sir Isaac Newton; Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687).

State Newton's First Law.

An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

State Newton's Second Law.

Force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma).

State Newton's Third Law.

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

What is another name for Newton's First Law?

The Law of Inertia.

What is inertia?

The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion; more mass means more inertia.

What is a balanced force?

Forces that are equal and opposite, resulting in no change in motion.

What is an unbalanced force?

Forces that are not equal and opposite, leading to a change in motion.

Give a real-life example of a balanced force.

Two teams tugging on a rope with equal force in opposite directions; no net motion occurs.

Give a real-life example of an unbalanced force.

A soccer ball at rest is kicked, changing its motion.

What is F = ma?

Force equals mass times acceleration; the relationship between mass, acceleration, and the resulting force.

If mass doubles and acceleration stays the same, what happens to the force?

The force doubles.

If acceleration doubles and mass stays the same, what happens to the force?

The force doubles.

If both mass and acceleration double, how does force change?

Force quadruples (4F).

What does acceleration mean?

A measurement of how quickly speed (or velocity) is changing.

What is velocity?

The rate of change of position along a straight line with respect to time.

What happens to a rocket in outer space with no gravity or friction?

It would keep moving in the same direction at the same speed forever.

What effect does friction have on moving objects on Earth?

Friction provides an unbalanced force that slows and stops motion.

What does Newton's Third Law mean in simple terms?

For every force, there is an equal and opposite force acting in the opposite direction.

What is Force as listed in the vocabulary notes?

Force is the strength or energy that can cause or change motion; a push or pull.