CSD 9: Fluency Disorders

disfluencies and stuttering behaviors

characterized by a more frequent and intense disruption of speech, often accompanied by secondary behaviors like tension or struggle

dysfluency

stuttering, disruptions in the flow of speech

core behaviors of stuttering

sound/syllable/single whole word repetitions

sound prolongations

silent blocks

secondary behaviors of stuttering

revisions

multisyllable whole word repetitions

interjections or fillers

phrase repetitions

speech related consequences of stuttering

pitch changes, loudness changes, vocal tension

non speech related consequences of stuttering

lip biting, eye blinking, breaking eye contact, nostril flaring, jaw clenching, fist and foot actions

myths about stuttering

it’s a sign of nervousness or anxiety

people who stutter are less intelligent or capable

some symptoms of stuttering in young children

repeating sounds, syllables, or words

prolonging sounds

experiencing blocks where no sound comes out

stuttering modification

focuses on modifying stuttering movements

fluency shaping

aims to develop new, smoother speech patterns to enhance overall fluency

when talking with a person who stutters

maintain eye contact, actively listen, and do not interrupt or finish their sentence for them

iceberg model

visible: overt characteristics like audible repetitions, blocks, and prolongations

submerged: thoughts, feelings, and behaviors related to stuttering that are not readily observable