Articulation System 1

Articulation

sound shaper system

Mobile articulators

tongue, mandible, velum, lips, cheeks, fauces, pharynx, larynx

Immobile Articulators

alveolar ridge, hard palate, teeth

Source-Filter Theory

Sound source at VF or slightly above, then articulators act as a filter to block some things and allow others to pass through

Source

Glottal and supraglottal

Filter

Vocal tract

Facial bones

lacrimal, nasal, palatine, zygmatic, inferior nasal concha, vomer, maxilla and mandible

Cranial Bones

Parietal, frontal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, mandible and maxilla, nasal, ethmoid

Parts of tooth

Crown, root, enamel, dentin

Labial

Front teeth touches lip

Buccal

Outside part of teeth touches cheek

Incisal

Ridge (bottom) of incisors

Palatal

Teeth touches palatal

Lingual

Teeth touches tongue

Distal

Back most molar

Mesial

Space between teeth

Occlusal

Top of molar

Class 1

Normal occlusion, teeth crooked

Class 2

Overbite

Class 3

Underbite

Openbite

Front teeth don't close

Overjet

Over but teeth are bent

Pharyngeal Cavities

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

Anterior

Teeth and alveolar processes

Superior

Palate (hard and soft)

Inferior

Tongue and floor of mouth

Posterior

Palatoglossal arch

Mandibular Muscles: Elevators

masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid

Intrinsic Tongue Muscles

Superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, transverse, vertical

Job Intrinsic Tongue Muscles

Change shape of tongue

Job of Extrinsic Tongue Muscles

Change movement of tongue

Extrinsic Tongue Muscles

Genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, palatoglossus

Mandibular Muscles: Depressors

Digastricus anterior and posterior, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, platysma

Thyropharyngeus

Constricts pharynx

Cricopharyngeus

Constricts opening of esophagus

Salpinggophayngeus

Elevates side of throat

Stylopharyngeus

Elevates and open the pharynx

Function of lips

Round, retract, compress

Function of mandible

Depress, elevate

Function of velum

Elevate, retract, lower

Coarticulation

Overlap of one articulation posture into another (cap vs can)

Vowel production

Sound produced with no constriction of the vocal tract

Consonant production

Sound produced with constriction of the vocal tract

Resonance

Selectively increase energy/loudness to components of a sound by changing volume, length and area of opening of vocal tract

Unilateral Cleft Lip

Cleft on 1 side

Bilateral Cleft Lip

Bone and lip tissue sticking out

Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

No roof of mouth