Anatomy Exam 2

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The phalanges are the bones of the

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216 Terms
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The phalanges are the bones of the

fingers and toes

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Which bone has no articulation with any other bone?

Hyoid

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Crescent-shaped pads of cartilage within synovial joints are called

menisci

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Which tarsal bone articulates with the tibia and fibula for ankle movement?

Talus

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Which of the following is NOT a paranasal sinus?

Mastoidal

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Which suture is between the parietal and temporal bones?

Squamosal suture

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The lateral end of the clavicle articulates with the

acromion process

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The sella turcica is a feature of the

sphenoid bone

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Ribs 8 through 12 are called

false ribs

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After birth, bones growth in length at the

epiphyseal plates

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Which of the following bones forms the back and base of the cranium?

Occipital

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What are the small passageways in compact bone that connect lacunae?

Canaliculi

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Which of the following is an example of a long bone?

Femur

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Another term for "hunchback" is

kyphosis

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Red marrow

produces blood cells

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Which forearm bone is on the lateral (thumb) side?

Radius

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The temporal process is a part of the ______ bone.

zygomatic

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The ______ of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity.

head

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What are the structures that are air-filled spaces of the skull bones?

Paranasal sinuses

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How many pairs of ribs are found in humans?

12

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The first cervical vertebra is the

atlas

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Which of the following is NOT a cartilaginous joint?

Between each tooth and its socket

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When you rest your hands on your hips, your hands are on the

iliac crests

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Typically, joints that are structurally cartilaginous are functionally

diarthroses

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The ______ extends the forearm.

triceps brachii

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By providing a squeezing force, the _______ is helpful in keeping a rider on a horse.

adductor group

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Which events occur during a muscle contraction?

The H zone decreases in size.

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The sartorius is the longest muscle in the body; it attaches to the

ilium and tibia

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Striations are caused by a series of overlapping

myofilaments

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Which of the following is NOT a function of skeletal muscles?

Move food through the GI tract

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Which of the following is an origin for the internal oblique muscle?

Iliac crest

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The H zone is within the _____ and contains ______.

A band; thick filaments only

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Glycation of proteins in muscle tissue enhances their ability to contract.

False

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Cellular respiration requires oxygen and glucose; in addition to producing energy, it produces water and

carbon dioxide

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Which type(s) of muscle tissue is/are found in the walls of hollow internal organs?

Smooth

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What occurs immediately before an electrical signal travels along the sarcolemma?

Acetylcholine binds to its receptors.

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When muscles contract, they shorten. Therefore, the movement that muscles can make is to pull the insertion toward the origin.

True

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The phase of a muscle twitch during which the muscle fiber fires an action potential is the

latent phase

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The __________ flexes the forearm.

biceps brachii

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The _______ aid in inspiration during respiration.

diaphragm and external intercostals

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Cardiac muscle fibers need outside nervous stimulation in order to contract.

False

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Fasciotomy is a procedure done to prevent severe swelling from damaging a muscle and its blood supply. It is a treatment for

compartment syndrome

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Which muscle's name comes entirely from its attachments?

Sternocleidomastoid

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Which muscle is called the "trumpeter's muscle" and aids in chewing and sucking?

Buccinator

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A _____ is caused by stretching or tearing of a muscle.

strain

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Summation is increased force output by a muscle when

receiving many stimuli in rapid succession

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The major protein found in thin filaments is ______; the main protein found in thick filaments is _______.

actin; myosin

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What is the correct order of events in the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction? \n 1. Myosin head binds to actin \n 2. Calcium ions bind to troponin \n 3. Myosin cross-bridges bend, pulling actin toward center of sarcomere \n 4. ATP is split into ADP and P \n 5. Tropomyosin moves to expose active sites of actin \n 6. Sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium ions \n 7. ADP and P released from myosin

6,2,5,4,1,7,3

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The gluteus maximus muscle is named for

its size and location

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Which type(s) of muscle tissue has/have intercalated disks?

Cardiac

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The end of a muscle that is attached to the bone that it moves is called the

insertion

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One motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates is called a

motor unit

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A low level of muscle contraction that maintains posture is called muscle

tone

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Which of the following is NOT part of the quadriceps femoris?

Biceps femoris

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A genetic disease of progressive muscle weakening and degeneration due to the lack of a functioning protein is

muscular dystrophy

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Biceps brachii and brachialis are antagonists to each other.

False

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The contractile cells within muscle tissue are referred to as

striations

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Which describes the all-or-none law as it relates to muscle function?

All fibers in a motor unit contract or none of them do

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What term describes the attachment of a muscle to a bone that remains stationary during that muscle's movement?

Origin

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The biceps femoris is named for

its number of origins and location

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The ______ is used in forming a kiss.

orbicularis oris

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What ion is necessary for cross-bridging?

Calcium

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A sarcomere is

the distance between Z lines

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What is ATP used for in the process of muscle contraction?

All apply

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Sudden, painful involuntary contractions of either smooth or skeletal muscle are called

spasms

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Rigor mortis occurs because

there is no ATP to relax the muscles

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This disease is characterized by the death of motor neurons but does not affect intellect or sensation.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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The __________ raises your eyebrow.

frontalis

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The muscle that helps you to sit "cross-legged" is the

sartorius

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A motor unit contains

one motor neuron and multiple muscle fibers

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Botulism toxin blocks the release of acetylcholine from the motor neuron. What effect does this have on muscle contraction?

Muscle contractions are weakened or absent

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What is the role of myoglobin in muscle contraction?

Oxygen carrier in muscle

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Which of the following muscles is NOT part of the hamstring group?

Rectus femoris

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The biceps brachii and triceps brachii in the upper arm

are antagonistic

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The flexor carpi muscles will flex the

wrist and hand

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Which of the following surrounds a muscle fiber?

Endomysium

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The _______ is used to smile.

zygomaticus

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A single muscle contraction lasting a fraction of a second is a

muscle twitch

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Fast-twitch fibers are also known as

IIb fibers

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This muscle allows you to stand on your tiptoes.

Gastrocnemius

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Which of the following structures are NOT involved with swallowing?

The masseter muscle

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The _______ will adduct the scapulae and help extend the neck.

trapezius

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Myofibrils are bundles of

myofilaments

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What process provides most of a muscle's ATP?

Cellular respiration

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