Paper 1: Unit 4 - Punishment and Prisons

What is a crime?

An offence or action punishable by law

Identify two aims of punishment

Retribution

Justice

Reparation

Rehabilitation

Deterrence

How much did David Cameron say it costs to keep a prisoner in jail for 1 year?

£30,000

What is the name of the Islamic law?

The Shari’ah

Identify one of the main aims of punishment stated in the Shari’ah law

1. To protect society

2. To publicly show that justice has been done

3. To deter others from committing crime

4. To reform the criminal so they become law abiding citizens

Why do some Muslim countries punish people in public?

To show people that justice has been done and to deter others from committing similar crimes

In the 2018 government review of the Shari’ah law what did it state about the legal status of Shari’ah laws and punishments?

That it was not legally binding and punishments were not to be followed in the UK

Finish the quote from the Qur’an “stand up firmly for…”

“justice”

Traditionally, what was the main aim of punishment in Christianity?

Retribution

What is the most famous Old Testament teaching that promotes retribution?

“an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth.”

Which famous Catholic said that we need to ‘imitate’ the love of God/

Pope Francis

The teaching ‘Give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s” could imply that people who commit crime should receive what?

State punishment

Jesus revised the Old Testament teachings “an eye for an eye” and instead we should do what?

“Turn the other cheek.”

What term is often used for the idea that punishment should help teach people how to act morally so that they can return to society?

Rehabilitation

What is a prison chaplain?

A religious leader that works in a prison to support people such as prison inmates

Identify two roles of the prison chaplain

1. Support spiritual needs of inmates

2. Offer counselling

3. Organise and manage religious services in the prison

4. Maintain and monitor ethical standards of prisons

What is a prison reformer?

Someone who campaigns for change in prison

Identify one Christian prison reformer

Elizabeth Fry

John Howard

What did John Howard find when he investigated prisons in the 18th century?

Prisons were dirty, diseased and corrupt

What was wrong with the way prisons were run in the 18th century?

They were privately run and therefore motivated by profit

In which parable does it say “I was in prison and you came to me.”

The Parable of the Sheep and the Goats

The prison reformer Elizabeth Fry campaigned to ensure that criminals were provided with what?

Education

Finish the quote from Jesus “Go make disciples…”

“…of the nations.”

What is meant by evangelism?

The practice of sharing faith with others

UK law does not allow punishments that do what?

Harm or kill a person or undermine their human dignity

Identify one thing that article 5 of the Declaration of Human Rights states that no prisoner should be subjected to

1. Torture

2. Cruel or inhumane treatment

3. Inhumane treatment

In Islam, who is a role model for treating prisoners with respect?

Prophet Muhammad

Finish the quote from Prophet Muhammad “I enjoin you to…”

“treat the captives well.”

What is capital punishment?

The deliberate and state ordered ending of someone’s life as a punishment for the crimes they have committed.

Identify two arguments to support the use of capital punishment

1. The Old Testament promotes retribution. If someone kills they deserve to have their life taken away.

2. The Old Testament lists 36 offences that are punishable by death.

3. In Islam, Shari’ah law permits the death penalty for those who attack Islam, murder or commit adultery.

Identify two arguments that say capital punishment is wrong

1. Capital punishment undermines the sanctity of life

2. Jesus promoted love

3. Jesus promoted forgiveness

4. Muslim Shari’ah law is not permitted in Wales

5. Humanists say that capital punishment is not effective

6. 10 commandments say it is wrong to take a life

7. Some say capital punishment goes against human rights to not have inhumane punishments

8. Jesus said we must follow the law and the law does not allow capital punishment

Identify three reasons why people may commit crime.

Unemployment and Poverty

Greed

Anger

Problems with addiction

Peer pressure or gang culture

Attempting to promote social change

Lack of understanding of the law

What is it known as when punishments give people confidence in the law and demonstrate that justice is being served?

Vindication

What is is known as when punishments ‘puts other people off’ committing crimes?

A deterrence

What quote did Jesus use to demonstrate the difference between social laws and religious laws?

“Give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s and to God what is God’s”

The Bible describes God as the “only Lawgiver” and what?

Judge

How many prisoners are reconvicted in the UK after they have been released?

46%

What is the sanctity of life?

All life is special as it has been created by God