Muscles of Pectoral Girdle, Arm, and Hand

trapezius origin

occipital & spines of cervical & thoracic vertabrae

trapezius insertion

clavicle, spine, & acromion process of scapula

trapezius action

moves scapula in most directions

rhomboideus major origin

spines of thoracic vertebrae

rhomboideus major insertion

medial border of scapula

rhomboideus major action

raises & adducts, rotates & retracts scapula

levator scapulae origin

transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

levator scapulae insertion

medial margin of scapula

levator scapulae action

elevates scapula

serratus anterior origin

ribs 1-8

serratus anterior insertion

anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula

serratus anterior action

moves scapula forwards & down

infraspinatus origin

posterior surface of the scapula below the spine

infraspinatus insertion

greater tubercle of humerus

infraspinatus action

rotate arm laterally

subscapularis origin

anterior medial edge of scapula

subscapularis insertion

inferior & posterior to greater tubercle on lesser tubercle of the humerus

subscapularis action

medial rotation

pectoralis major origin

clavicle, sternum, & costal cartilage of upper ribs (1-8)

pectoralis major insertion

intertubercular groove of humerus

pectoralis major joint spanned

shoulder (scapula to humerus)

pectoralis major action

flexes, adducts, & rotates arm medially

pectoralis minor origin

ribs 3-5

pectoralis minor insertion

corocoid process of scapula

pectoralis minor action

scapula forward & down, raises ribs

teres major origin

lateral border of scapula

teres major insertion

intertubercular groove of humerus

teres major action

extends, adducts, & rotates arm medially

teres major joint spanned

shoulder (scap-hum)

teres minor origin

lateral border of scapula

teres minor insertion

greater tubercle of humerus

teres minor joint spanned

shoulder (scap-hum)

teres minor action

rotates arm laterally, holds head in glenoid cavity

latissimus dorsi origin

• spines of sacral, lumbar, and thoracic vertebrae

• iliac crest

• lower ribs

latissimus dorsi insertion

intertubercular groove of humerus

latissimus dorsi joint spanned

vertebrae/ribs

latissimus dorsi action

extends adducts, & rotates the arm medially or pulls the shoulder down and back

deltoid origin

acromion process, scapular spine, clavicle

deltoid insertion

deltoid tubrosity of humerus

deltoid joint spanned

shoulder (scap-hum)

deltoid action

abducts, extends, & flexes the arm

supraspinous origin

posterior surface of scapula above spine

supraspinous insertion

greater tubercle of humerus

supraspinous joint spanned

shoulder (scap-hum)

supraspinous action

abducts arm

biceps brachii origin

coracoid process & tubercle above glenoid cavity of scapula

biceps brachii insertion

radial tubrosity of radius

biceps brachii joint spanned

shoulder (scap-hum)

elbow (hum-rad)

biceps brachii action

flexes forearm at elbow & rotates hand laterally

brachioradialis origin

distal lateral end of humerus

brachioradialis insertion

lateral surface of radius above styloid process

brachioradialis joint spanned

elbow (hum-rad)

brachioradialis action

flexes forearm at elbow

triceps brachii origin

tubercle below glenoid cavity and the lateral & medial surfaces of humerus

triceps brachii insertion

olecranon process of ulna

triceps brachii joint spanned

shoulder (scap-hum)

elbow (hum-rad)

triceps brachii action

extends forearm at elbow

pronator teres origin

medial epicondyle of humerus & coronoid process of ulna

pronator teres insertion

lateral surface of radius

pronator teres joint spanned

elbow (hum-rad)

pronator teres action

rotates forearm medially

pronator quadratus origin

anterior distal end of ulna

pronator quadratus insertion

anterior distal end of radius

pronator quadratus action

rotates forearm medially

brachialis origin

anterior shaft of humerus

brachialis insertion

coronoid process of ulna

brachialis joint spanned

elbow (hum-rad)

brachialis action

flexes forearm at elbow

coracobrachialis origin

coracoid process of scapula

coracobrachialis insertion

anterior medial humerus shaft distal to intertubercular groove

coracobrachialis action

adduct, flex