hbs final

side of the body

lateral

toward the head further from the feet, on a human

superior

away from the point of attachment or origin

distal

more internal, away from the body surface

deep

inner elbow

antecubital

heel

calcaneal

elbow (pointy side)

olecrenal

back of knee

popliteal

bone most useful for determining sex of individual

pelvis

uses an electrical current to separate dna fragments

gel electrophoresis

different size fragments of dna

rflp

part of the brain used in complex thought and reasoning

cerebrum

brain part used for balance, posture, and coordination

cerebellum

part of the brain used in life-sustaining functions

brain stem

neuron that initiates movement

motor neuron

sensory neuron

neuron with thingy in middle

seizure disorder

epilepsy

autoimmune disorder that attacks myelin sheath

multiple sclerosis (MS)

loss of dopamine produces shaking and tremors

parkinsons disease

near sightedness

myopia

usually the second part (or B) ona nerve signaling graph

depolarization

humans can survive three days without this

water

main muscle that controls the lungs

diaphragm

tiny sac in the lungs where gas exchange happens

alveoli

main filtering unit of the kidney

nephron

filtration

occurs in the glomerulus

transfer of substances from capillaries to the tubules of the nephron

secretion

transfer of stuff from nephron to capillaries

reabsorption

breaks down starch into glucose in the mouth and small intestine

amylase

energy rich molecules are broken down to release their energy to supply the cells needs

catabolism

the sum of all of the chemical reactions that occur within body cells

metabolism

pointing your toes

plantar flexion

found in artery walls and digestive system

smooth muscle

has no antigens or red blood cells

O

universal donor blood type

O-

universal recipient

AB+

protein that is not present in skin

myosin

t cells are produced here

thymus

b cells are produced here

bone marrow

first stage of healing bone

hematoma formation

system that contains bone marrow, spleen, appendix, and tonsils

immune

on humans, this is the same as ventral

anterior

the most superior vertebrae

cervical

where smallest bones are in human body

inner ear

the charge of phosphate groups on a DNA molecule

negative

substance that transmits nerve impulses across a synapse

neurotransmitter

releases a secretion by means of a canal or duct

exocrine gland

produced by pancreas and decreases blood sugar

insulin

increases blood calcium levels

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

bone creating cells

osteoblasts

pain inhibiting hormone

endorphin

burn that reaches epidermis

first degree

secretes oil to soften hair and skin

sebaceous gland

trabecular bone

spongy bone

bone bends, but doesn’t completely break. common in children

greenstick fracture

slanted fracture

oblique fracture

created from b cells, rapidly produces antibodies

memory cells

example of a muscle rule

muscles must always cross a joint

engulf and eliminate certain pathogens through phagocytosis

macrophages

eye structure that contracts to regulate amount of light entering the eye

iris

carries information to the brain about the light that hits the retina

optic nerve

accessory organs of the digestive system

liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

first place in which food is broken down in digestive system

the mouth